Table 2 Comparison of clinical characteristics between with and without osteoporosis
Variable | Osteoporosis | Non-osteoporosis | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
Patients, n (%) | 49 (34.5) | 93 (65.5) | Â |
Age (years) | 76.0 (71.5–80.0) | 65.0 (54.0–73.0) | < 0.001 |
Male, n (%) | 19 (38.8) | 71 (76.3) | < 0.001 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 21.8 (19.6–24.9) | 23.9 (22.3–26.1) | 0.005 |
Etiology | |||
 HBV/HCV/Alcohol/others, n | 5/21/8/15 | 11/24/40/18 | 0.009 |
Child-Pugh class A/B + C, n | 39/10 | 56/37 | 0.020 |
Albumin (g/dL) | 4.0 (3.4–4.4) | 3.8 (3.4–4.2) | 0.391 |
Total bilirubin (mg/dL) | 0.7 (0.5–1.0) | 1.0 (0.7–1.4) | 0.003 |
Prothrombin time INR | 1.08 (1.00–1.14) | 1.15 (1.06–1.27) | 0.002 |
IGF-1 (ng/mL) | 48 (41–62) | 57 (40–77) | 0.022 |
Zinc (μg/dL) | 66 (55–76) | 65 (55–74) | 0.473 |
BCAA (μmol/L) | 353 (294–457) | 415 (336–471) | 0.026 |
TRACP-5b (mU/dL) | 460 (363–639) | 444 (331–577) | 0.371 |
P1NP (ng/mL) | 49 (34–79) | 54 (36–82) | 0.599 |
25(OH)D (ng/mL) | 12.7 (9.0–15.4) | 12.5 (9.1–17.3) | 0.593 |
PTH (pg/mL) | 49 (36–70) | 42 (32–56) | 0.073 |
SMI (kg/m2) | |||
 All patients | 5.67 (5.00–6.47) | 7.15 (6.46–8.06) | < 0.001 |
 Male | 6.41 (5.49–6.99) | 7.38 (6.96–8.16) | < 0.001 |
 Female | 5.33 (4.82–5.92) | 6.23 (5.80–6.59) | 0.001 |
Handgrip strength (kg) | |||
 All patients | 16.8 (14.1–22.8) | 30.1 (22.2–36.8) | < 0.001 |
 Male | 23.4 (18.3–25.9) | 31.8 (27.3–38.8) | < 0.001 |
 Female | 14.7 (12.6–18.0) | 21.1 (15.4–23.9) | 0.002 |
Lumbar spine BMD (g/cm2) | 0.86 (0.76–1.05) | 1.17 (1.05–1.28) | < 0.001 |
Femoral neck BMD (g/cm2) | 0.61 (0.55–0.65) | 0.87 (0.79–0.94) | < 0.001 |
Total hip BMD (g/cm2) | 0.65 (0.57–0.71) | 0.91 (0.83–0.99) | < 0.001 |
Sarcopenia, n (%) | 31 (63.3) | 17 (18.3) | < 0.001 |
Vertebral fracture, n (%) | 27 (55.1) | 14 (15.1) | < 0.001 |