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Table 1 Participants’ characteristics (N = 3066)

From: Association between high fear-avoidance beliefs about physical activity and chronic disabling low back pain in nurses in Japan

 

All

No LBPa

Non-chronic disabling LBPb

Chronic disabling LBPc

  

N = 3066

n = 1265

n = 1613

n = 188

Missing (n)

p-value

Age (years), mean (standard deviation)

35.8 (10.6)

36.0 (10.6)

35.4 (10.5)

37.5 (10.9)

0

0.021

Age (%)

    

0

0.108

 20–29

1114 (36.3)

450 (35.6)

606 (37.6)

58 (30.9)

  

 30–39

837 (27.3)

335 (26.5)

454 (28.2)

48 (25.5)

  

 40–49

733 (23.9)

325 (25.7)

356 (22.1)

52 (27.7)

  

 ≥ 50

382 (12.5)

155 (12.3)

197 (12.2)

30 (16.0)

  

Body mass index (%)

    

113

< 0.001

 < 25

2669 (90.4)

1148 (93.1)

1364 (88.7)

157 (86.3)

  

 ≥ 25

284 (9.6)

85 (6.9)

174 (11.3)

25 (13.7)

  

Smoking status (%)

    

37

0.071

 None-smoker

2485 (82.0)

1047 (83.7)

1298 (81.4)

140 (76.1)

  

 Former

307 (10.1)

121 (9.7)

160 (10.0)

26 (14.1)

  

 Current

237 (7.8)

83 (6.6)

136 (8.5)

18 (9.8)

  

Work experience (%)

    

11

0.277

 < 1 year

223 (7.3)

88 (7.0)

126 (7.9)

9 (4.8)

  

 ≥ 1 to < 2 years

190 (6.2)

83 (6.6)

96 (6.0)

11 (5.9)

  

 ≥ 2 to < 5 years

482 (15.8)

190 (15.1)

268 (16.7)

24 (12.8)

  

 ≥ 5 to < 10 years

522 (17.1)

230 (18.2)

260 (16.2)

32 (17.1)

  

 ≥ 10 to < 20 years

841 (27.5)

334 (26.5)

457 (28.5)

50 (26.7)

  

 ≥ 20 years

797 (26.1)

337 (26.7)

399 (24.8)

61 (32.6)

  

Hospital department (%)

    

86

< 0.001

 Ward

2281 (76.5)

896 (72.7)

1233 (78.8)

152 (83.1)

  

 Outpatient clinic/other

699 (23.5)

336 (27.3)

332 (21.2)

31 (16.9)

  

Work hours (per week) (%)

    

70

< 0.001

 < 40

455 (15.2)

216 (17.5)

219 (13.9)

20 (10.8)

  

 40–49

1799 (60.1)

756 (61.2)

941 (59.7)

102 (55.1)

  

 ≥ 50

742 (24.8)

263 (21.3)

416 (26.4)

63 (34.1)

  

Night shift (%)

    

10

< 0.001

 Yes

2334 (76.4)

916 (72.5)

1263 (78.7)

155 (82.5)

  

 No

722 (23.6)

347 (27.5)

342 (21.3)

33 (17.6)

  

Managerial position (%)

    

4

0.019

 Yes

228 (7.5)

106 (8.4)

117 (7.3)

5 (2.7)

  

 No

2834 (92.6)

1157 (91.6)

1494 (92.7)

183 (97.3)

  

K6 (%)

    

49

< 0.001

 0–4

2106 (69.8)

961 (77.5)

1053 (66.1)

92 (50.3)

  

 5–9

619 (20.5)

192 (15.5)

373 (23.4)

54 (29.5)

  

 ≥ 10

292 (9.7)

87 (7.0)

168 (10.5)

37 (20.2)

  

FABQ-PA (%)

    

38

< 0.001

 <  15

2143 (70.8)

1041 (83.4)

1031 (64.7)

71 (38.2)

  

 ≥ 15

885 (29.2)

207 (16.6)

563 (35.3)

115 (61.8)

  

LBP in 4 weeks (%)

     

NA

 No LBP

1265 (41.3)

1265 (100)

0 (0)

0 (0)

  

 LBP without work difficulty

1580 (51.5)

0 (0)

1580 (98.0)

0 (0)

  

 LBP with work difficulty but without sick leave

216 (7.1)

0 (0)

30 (1.9)

186 (98.9)

  

 LBP with sick leave

5 (0.2)

0 (0)

3 (0.2)

2 (1.1)

  

LBP NRS in 4 weeks, mean (SD)

2.2 (2.0)

0.5 (1.0)

3.1 (1.5)

5.1 (1.7)

252

< 0.001

LBP in 1 year (%)

    

7

< 0.001

 No LBP

737 (24.1)

703 (55.7)

32 (2.0)

2 (1.1)

  

 LBP without work difficulty

1678 (54.9)

492 (39.0)

1179 (73.3)

7 (3.7)

  

 LBP with work difficulty but without sick leave

596 (19.5)

62 (4.9)

371 (23.1)

163 (86.7)

  

 LBP with sick leave

48 (1.6)

6 (0.5)

26 (1.6)

16 (8.5)

  
  1. LBP low back pain, K6 Kessler Psychological Distress Scale, FABQ-PA Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire physical activity subscale, NRS numerical rating scale, NA not applicable
  2. aNo LBP: Not experiencing LBP in the past 4 weeks
  3. bNon-chronic LBP: any LBP in the past 4 weeks other than chronic disabling LBP
  4. cChronic disabling LBP: Experiencing LBP in the past 4 weeks that interfered with work and had lasted for ≥ 3 months
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BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders

ISSN: 1471-2474

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