Psychological factors outmatched morphological markers in predicting limitations in activities of daily living and participation in patients with lumbar stenosis

Table 5 Stepwise linear regression analyses

Outcome variable	Model	Predictor variables	R²	ΔR²	β^a
PIG_mental	1	DESC	.32	.32**	.57**
PIG_functional	1	DESC	.23	.23**	.48**
	2	DESC	.28	.05*	.40**
	2	TSK_AA			.24*
PIG_physical	1	DESC	.12	.12**	.35**
RehaCAT_LE	1	TSK_SF	.28	.28**	.53**
	2	TSK_SF	.35	.07*	.50**
	2	Schizas-Class.			.26*
	3	TSK_SF	.39	.04*	.41**
		Schizas-Class.			.24*
		DESC			.23*
RehaCAT_UE	1	TSK_SF	.40	.40**	.63**
RehaCAT_ADL	1	TSK_AA	.28	.28**	.52**
	2	TSK_AA	.38	.10**	.40**
	2	DESC			.35**
AAPI_P	1	DESC	.33	.33**	−.57**
	2	DESC	.40	.07*	−.45**
	2	TSK_SF			−.29*

β^a: please note that the standardized β coefficient is reported; Schizas-Class. Schizas-Classification, DESC Rasch-based depression screening, TSK Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia, SF Somatic focus, AA Activity avoidance, PI-G Pain Interference – German, LE Lower extremity, UE Upper extremity, ADL Activities of daily living, AAPI_P Aachener Activity- and Participation Index, subscale participation; * p < .05; ** p < .01;

ISSN: 1471-2474