Demographic information | N | Odds ratio (95% CI) | p-value |
---|---|---|---|
Male sex | 168 | 1.69 (0.85; 3.34)a | 0.13 |
Age (years) | 168 | 0.99 (0.97; 1.03) | 0.85 |
Patient-reported information | |||
Pain intensity (numeric rating scale) | 161 | 0.98 (0.95, 1.01) | 0.21 |
Whiplash trauma (yes vs. no) | 168 | 0.77 (0.32; 1.85) | 0.56 |
Sick leave duration (months) | 168 | 0.68 (0.54; 0.87)a | 0.002 |
ÖMPSQ score (numerical variable) | 161 | 0.97 (0.95; 0.98)a | < 0.001 |
Education ≥3 years (yes vs. no) | 155 | 0.93 (0.41; 2.12) | 0.87 |
Ongoing worker’s compensation claim (yes vs. no) | 139 | 0.45 (0.21; 0.97)a | 0.04 |
Clinical information | |||
Radiculopathy (yes vs. no) | 168 | 4.29 (1.77; 10.4)a | 0.001 |
≥ 11 tender points (yes vs. no) | 168 | 0.58 (0.31; 1.12)a | 0.10 |
Multidisciplinary intervention | 168 | 1.04 (0.56; 1.93) | 0.90 |
MRI information | |||
Kyphosis (yes vs. no) | 97 | 3.06 (1.03; 9.11)a | 0.05 |
Disc height reduction (yes vs. no) | 97 | 1.40 (0.56; 3.46) | 0.47 |
Disc contour change (bulge, protrusion or extrusion) (yes vs. no) | 83 | 1.32 (0.41; 4.24) | 0.64 |
Spinal canal stenosis (yes vs. no) | 97 | 0.31 (0.09; 1.02)a | 0.06 |
Neural foraminal stenosis (yes vs. no) | 84 | 1.13 (0.47; 2.71) | 0.78 |
Zygapophyseal osteoarthritis (yes vs. no) | 83 | 0.81 (0.34; 1.96) | 0.65 |
Uncovertebral osteoarthritis (yes vs. no) | 78 | 1.44 (0.58; 3.60) | 0.43 |