From: Nutritional factors associated with femoral neck bone mineral density in children and adolescents
Variables | Age groups, yrs | ||
---|---|---|---|
8–11 (n = 1004) | 12–15 (n = 725) | 16–19 (n = 669) | |
Demographics | |||
 Race, Non-Hispanic White (%) | 329 (59.6) | 232 (60.3) | 224 (61.8) |
 Sex, Males (%) | 479 (48.0) | 358 (47.2) | 1163 (46.5) |
 Body weight (mean ± SE, kg) | 34.6 ± 0.3 | 54.9 ± 0.6 | 64.4 ± 0.6 |
 Body height (mean ± SE, cm) | 139.5 ± 0.4 | 162.6 ± 0.4 | 168.9 ± 0.5 |
 Body mass index (mean ± SE, kg/m2) | 17.5 ± 0.1 | 20.6 ± 0.2 | 22.5 ± 0.1 |
 Income, Low-incomea | 694 (55.4) | 494 (55.5) | 412 (49.9) |
Femoral neck bone mineral density (BMD) (mean ± SE, g/cm2) | 0.709 ± 0.004 | 0.921 ± 0.004 | 1.015 ± 0.006 |
Physical activityb | |||
 Vigorous recreational activities, yes (%) | – | 488 (70.3) | 372 (57.1) |
 Moderate recreational activities, yes (%) | – | 380 (59.6) | 295 (47.9) |
Soft drink availability at homec | |||
 Always | 361 (38.3) | 280 (37.4) | 278 (42.6) |
 Most of the time | 149 (16) | 105 (14.5) | 96 (14.1) |
 Sometimes | 236 (21.3) | 182 (22.2) | 140 (15.5) |
 Rarely | 161 (14.9) | 112 (17.2) | 81 (16.3) |
 Never | 89 (8.8) | 41 (7.9) | 63 (9.6) |