Relative difference among 27 functional measures in patients with knee osteoarthritis: an exploratory cross-sectional case-control study

Table 1 Personal and health characteristics in the case- and control group

ICF	Variables	Cases (n = 28)	Controls (n = 31)	M or Med diff	M or Med d or WG 95% CI	Statistics t, χ2, U	P-value
Personal factors	Female, n (%)	18 (64)	16 (52)			379 (χ2)	0.3294
	Age, yrs., M (SD)	61.7 (6.4)	55.3 (8.0)	6.4	2.6, 10.2	3.4 (t)	0.0014†
	Height, m, M (SD)	1.72 (0.10)	1.73 (0.09)	−0.02	−0.07, 0.03	− 0.7 (t)	0.517
	Weight, kg, M (SD)	82.9 (12.7)	80.4 (16.6)	2.5	−5.2, 10.3	0.7 (t)	0.517
	BMI, kg/m², M (SD)	24.3 (3.5)	25.2 (5.1)	1.1	−1.1, 3.3	1.0 (t)	0.317
	Education, n (%)
	secondary school (10 yrs)	1 (4)	0 (0)
	high school (13 yrs)	6 (21)	6 (19)
	graduate (16 yrs)	14 (50)	13 (42)
	post graduate (18 yrs. +)	7 (25)	12 (39)			368 (U)	0.281
	Dominant leg (right, left, n)	26, 2	28, 3
Patients’ body function & structure & activity factors	Yrs since diagnosis, M (SD)	10.2 (8.6)			6.9, 13.6
	Yrs of knee pain, n (%)
	1 yrs	2 (7)
	1 to 3 yrs.	3 (11)
	3 to 10 yrs	7 (25)
	> 10 yrs	16 (57)
	Affected knee (n, %)
	One	14 (50)
	Both	14 (50)
	Pain medication (n, %)
	None	15 (54)
	Paracetamol	5 (18)
	NSAIDs	5 (18)
	Opoids	2 (7)
	Others	1 (4)
	TSK Fear of mov., M (SD)	24.4 (7.7)			21.4, 27.4
	PSFS Activity 1, Med (IQR)	3.0 (5.0)			1.0, 5.0
		Case-group only
	X-ray grade (n knees, %)	Inv. leg	Uninv. leg
	No X-rays taken	0 (0)	10 (36)
	KL-grade II	9 (32)	9 (32)
	KL-grade III	17 (61)	8 (29)
	KL-grade IV	2 (7)	1 (4)

Notes. Case-group = patients with knee osteoarthritis; control-group = individuals without knee complaints; ICF = the International Classification of Function, Disability, and Health of the WHO; M = mean; Med = median; diff = difference between groups; d = 95% difference between groups; WG = 95% difference within a group; BMI = body mass index; NSAIDs = Non-Steroid Anti-Inflammatory Drugs; TSK = Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia; mov. = movement/reinjury; PSFS = Patient-Specific Functional Scale questionnaire; KL = Kellgren-Lawrence Grade, † = highly significant result

ISSN: 1471-2474