Table 1 Overview of included studies
From: Gluteus medius muscle function in people with and without low back pain: a systematic review
Study | Participants LBP Group | Participants control group | Type of LBP | Duration of LBP | Presence of LBP at Baseline | Gluteus medius measurement outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Aboufazeli et al. 2018 [39] Iran. | n = 30 Mean age, years (SD): 34.6 (6.2) Population: Not reported Gender: 100%F BMI (SD): 23.4 (3.2) | n = 30 Mean age, years (SD): 36.7 (6.7) Population: Note reported Gender: 100%F BMI (SD): 23.6 (3.3) | Nonspecific LBP | ≥3 months | Yes | Muscle thickness |
Arab & Nourbakhsh 2010 [4] Iran | n = 100 Mean age, years (SD): 42.58 (14.1) Population: Patients of orthopaedic department Gender: Not Reported BMI (SD): 25.03 (3.0) | n = 100 Mean age, years (SD): 43.40 (4.41) Population: Patients of orthopaedic department Gender: Not Reported BMI (SD): 25.68 (4.1) | Not Reported | > 6 weeks | Yes | Strength |
Cai & Kong 2015 [23] Singapore | n = 18 Mean age, years (SD): 27.80 (NR) Population: Recreational Runners Gender: 50%F BMI (SD): 21.75 (NR) | n = 18 Mean age, years (SD): 24.60 (NR) Population: Recreational Runners Gender: 50%F BMI (SD): 21.40 (NR) | Not Reported | > 3 months, but less than 36 months | Yes | Strength |
Cooper et al. 2016 [16] USA | n = 150 Mean age, years (SD): 41.40 (13.0) Population: Patients at Iowa Spine Centre Physical Therapy Clinic Gender: 64.70%F BMI (SD): 29.60 (7.2) | n = 75 Mean age, years (SD): 40.70 (13.9) Population: Patients at Iowa Spine Centre Physical Therapy Clinic Gender: 64.30%F BMI (SD): 25.80 (7.0) | Nonspecific LBP | > 3 months | Yes – Only one participant reported no current LBP | Strength and trigger points |
Embaby & Abdallah 2013 [24] Egypt | n = 15 Mean age, years (SD): 29.53 (2.4) Population Clinical Instructors Gender: 100%F BMI (SD): 24.01 (NR) | n = 15 Mean age, years (SD): 29.07 (2.4) Population: Clinical Instructors Gender: 100%F BMI (SD): 22.63 (NR) | Nonspecific | Periods of mild or moderate LBP for > 6 months | Not Reported | Fatigability |
Farahpour et al. 2018 [17] Iran | n = 15 Mean age, years (SD): 25.30 (2.9) Population: Patients from a ‘clinic’ Gender:0%F BMI (SD): 26.80 (1.5) | n = 15 Mean age, years (SD): 26.00 (2.9) Population: Not reported Gender: 0%F BMI (SD): 25.90 (3.2) | Not reported | Not reported | Yes | Activity level |
Farasyn & Meeusen 2005 [35] Belgium | n = 87 Mean age, years (SD): 43.00 (13.0) Population: Physiotherapy patients Gender: 55.17%F BMI (SD): 20.50 (2.8) | n = 64 Mean age, years (SD): 40.00 (11.0) Population: Physiotherapy patients Gender: 62.50%F BMI (SD): 21.50 (3.2) | Nonspecific LBP | Subacute nonspecific lower back pain | Yes | Trigger points |
Hides et al. 2016 [25] Australia | As a whole group LBP n = 7, no LBP n = 18 Mean age, years (SD): 24.40 (5.5) Population: Elite Footballers Gender: 0%F BMI (SD): 23.61 (NR) | Not Reported | Not reported | Not reported | Strength | |
Hungerford et al. 2003 [26] Australia |  n = 14 Mean age, years (SD): 32.70 (NR) Population: Men with SIJP Gender: 0%F BMI (SD): 24.63 (NR) | n = 14 Mean age, years (SD): 33.50 (NR) Population: without SIJP Gender: 0%F BMI (SD):23.40 (NR) | SIJP | > 2 months | Yes | Activity level and time to onset |
Iglesias-Gonzalez et al. 2013 [27] Spain | n = 42 Mean age, years (SD): 45.00 (10.0) Population: Patients of a private physical therapy clinic Gender: 50.00%F BMI (SD):24.50 (3.2) | n = 42 Mean age, years (SD): 45.00 (9.0) Population: Subjects who responded to local advertisements Gender: 50.00%F BMI (SD): 24.90 (3.4) | Nonspecific LBP | > 3 years | Yes | Trigger points |
Kendall et al. 2010 [5] Canada | n = 10 Mean age, years (SD): 32.00 (NR) Population: Not Stated Gender: 80.00%F BMI (SD): 20.86 (NR) | n = 10 Mean age, years (SD): 26.00 (NR) Population: Not Stated Gender: 80.00%F BMI (SD): 21.61 (NR) | Nonspecific LBP | > 6 weeks | Yes | Strength |
Larsen et al. 2018 [38] Denmark | n = 27 Mean age, years (SD): 27.40 (9.9) Population: University campus and hospital Gender: 44.44 BMI (SD): 21.90 (3.2) | n = 26 Mean age, years (SD): 23.60 (4.4) Population: University campus and hospital Gender: 61.53%F BMI (SD): 23.80 (2.5) | Nonspecific | > 3 years | No | Activity level |
Mendis et al. 2016 [37] Australia | As a whole group LBP n = 13, no LBP n = 33 Mean age, years (SD): 22.80 (3.5) Population: Australian Elite AFL Players Gender: 0%F BMI (SD): 25.00 (NR) | Not Reported | Not Reported | Yes | Cross-sectional area | |
Nelson-Wong et al. 2013 [6] USA | n = 17 Mean age, years (SD): 27.71 (10.6) Population: general population Gender: not reported BMI (SD): 23.42 (2.9) | n = 17 Mean age, years (SD): 28.52 (10.2) Population: general population Gender: not reported BMI (SD): 22.99 (1.8) | Not Reported | Not Reported | Yes | Time to onset |
Njoo & Van der Does 1994 [36] Netherlands | n = 61 Mean age, years (SD): 36.20 (9.8) Population: Patients of participating health care centres Gender: 44.20%F BMI (SD): Not Reported | n = 61 Mean age, years (SD): 38.10 (9.9) Population: Every 10th patients of health care centres without LBP Gender: 50.70%F BMI (SD): Not Reported | Nonspecific LBP | Recent episode of less than 2 months | No | Trigger points |
Notzel et al. 2011 [28] Germany | n = 8 Mean age, years (SD): 42.40 (14.5) Population: Not Reported Gender: 100%F BMI (SD): 23.10 (2.4) | n = 12 Mean age, years (SD): 27.30 (7.1) Population: Not Reported Gender: 100%F BMI (SD): 20.40 (2.6) | Nonspecific LBP | > 6 months several times per week or daily | Not Reported | Activity level |
Nourbakhsh & Arab 2002 [3] Iran | n = 300 Mean age, years (SD): 43.00 (NR) Population: Hospital inpatients Gender: 50.00%F BMI (SD): 25.76 (NR) | n = 300 Mean age, years (SD): 43.00 (NR) Population: Hospital inpatients Gender: 50.00%F BMI (SD): 24.44 (NR) | Not Reported | > 6 weeks | Yes | Strength |
Penney et al. 2014 [29] Canada | n = 21 Mean age, years (SD): 46.00 (15.2) Population: Patients at local physiotherapy clinics Gender: 42.85%F BMI (SD): 27.40 (NR) | n = 22 Mean age, years (SD): 44.00 (15.5) Population: University and Hospital Community Gender: 33.36%F BMI (SD): 26.95 (NR) | Nonspecific LBP | > 12 weeks | Yes | Activity level, time to onset, and strength |
Rabel et al. 2013 [30] USA | n = 12 Mean age, years (SD): 44.40 (14.6) Population: Physiotherapy patients Gender: 58.33%F BMI (SD): 29.70 (10.3) | n = 22 Mean age, years (SD): 27.20 (4.6) Population: Recreationally active Gender: 50.00%F BMI (SD): 24.70 (4.9) | Not Reported | < 2 months and > 3/10 on VAS | Yes | Time to onset |
Ringheim et al. 2015 [31] Norway | n = 17 Mean age, years (SD):39.00 (5.4) Population: Hospital outpatients Gender: 58.82%F BMI (SD): 25.90 (4.7) | n = 20 Mean age, years (SD): 40.20 (5.4) Population: Not Reported Gender: 61.90%F BMI (SD): 25.20 (3.7) | Nonspecific | > 3 months | Yes | Activity level and fatigability |
Santos et al. 2013 [18] Brazil | n = 29 Mean age, years (SD): 45.80 (14.3) Population: Orthopaedic patients Gender: 100%F BMI (SD): 24.15 (3.9) | n = 30 Mean age, years (SD): 44.57 (13.6) Population: Not Reported Gender: 100%F BMI (SD): 23.77 (2.1) | Nonspecific LBP | > 3 months | No | Activity level and time of peak |
Skorupska et al. 2016 [32] Poland | n = 71 Mean age, years (SD): 47.70 (8.4) Population: Not reported Gender: 61.97%F BMI (SD): Not Reported | n = 29 Mean age, years (SD): 47.60 (9.9) Population: Not reported Gender: 65.51%F BMI (SD): Not Reported | Not Reported | Subacute or Chronic | Yes | Cross-sectional area |
Sutherlin & Hart 2015a [33] USA | n = 12 Mean age, years (SD): 24.00 (4.0) Population: Not Reported Gender: Not Reported %F BMI (SD): 25.19 (3.4) | n = 12 Mean age, years (SD): 22.00 (3.0) Population: Not Reported Gender: Not Reported %F BMI (SD): 21.28 (2.4) | Not Reported | Not reported | Yes | Strength |
Sutherlin & Hart 2015b [34] USA | n = 12 Mean age, years (SD): 24.00 (4.0) Population: Not Reported Gender: 58.33%F BMI (SD): 25.19 (3.4) | n = 12 Mean age, years (SD): 22.0 (3.0) Population: Not Reported Gender: 75.00%F BMI (SD): 21.28 (2.4) | Not Reported | Not reported | Yes | Activity level and fatigability |