Are changes in radiological leg alignment and femoral parameters after total hip replacement responsible for joint loading during gait?

Table 5 Preoperative kinetics and kinematics during stance phase for the affected side, non-affected side and healthy controls

	affected side	non-affected side	healthy controls	affected vs. non-affected	affected vs. healthy controls	non-affected vs. healthy controls
Kinetics
KAM_1 (Nmkg^− 1)	0.39 (0.17)	0.44 (0.13)	0.45 (0.16)	P = 0.119	P = 0.946	P = 0.410
KAM_2 (Nmkg^− 1)	0.31 (0.13)	0.39 (0.12)	0.43 (0.14)	P = 0.002	P = 0.062	P = 0.840
HAM_1 (Nmkg^− 1)	0.91 (0.21)	0.98 (0.24)	0.90 (0.21)	P = 0.101	P = 0.318	P = 0.058
HAM_2 (Nmkg^− 1)	0.84 (0.20)	0.91 (0.24)	0.76 (0.23)	P = 0.069	P = 0.130	P = 0.032
Kinematics
FPA (°)	−9.1 (5.5)	−8.8 (4.9)	−5.9 (3.2)	P = 0.794	P = 0.136	P = 0.368
KneeFlex (°)	16.7 (5.8)	19.5 (6.3)	21.1 (3.9)	P = 0.051	P = 0.134	P = 0.336*
KneeExt (°)	10.8 (7.2)	5.9 (6.4)	3.2 (3.4)	P < 0.001	P = 0.025	P = 0.671
KneeRoM (°)	5.9 (4.5)	13.6 (7.4)	17.8 (4.3)	P < 0.001	P < 0.001*	P = 0.620*
LTD (°)	− 3.7 (2.4)	− 0.9 (2.4)	−1.9 (1.9)	P = 0.007	P = 0.181	P = 0.531
HipAdd_1 (°)	7.2 (4.4)	6.0 (5.2)	6.8 (5.0)	P = 0.357	P = 0.556	P = 0.978
HipAdd_2 (°)	6.1 (4.1)	5.3 (4.0)	4.7 (4.8)	P = 0.475	P = 0.361	P = 0.691
HipFlex (°)	32.7 (10.6)	37.9 (10.9)	33.9 (5.7)	P < 0.001	P = 0.885	P = 0.211
HipExt (°)	5.7 (14.8)	−5.7 (13.3)	−11.0 (7.1)	P < 0.001	P = 0.013	P = 0.784
HipRoM (°)	25.6 (7.7)	43.1 (9.4)	43.7 (3.7)	P < 0.001	P < 0.001*	P = 0.104*

Mean values with standard deviation in parenthesis. Comparison between affected and non-affected side (Paired-Samples T-Tests) as well as between affected/non-affected side and healthy controls (Univariate Analysis of Variance). KAM_1 = maximum external knee adduction moment in first phase of stance; KAM_2 = maximum external knee adduction moment in second phase of stance; HAM_1 = maximum external hip adduction moment in first phase of stance; HAM_2 = maximum external hip adduction moment in second phase of stance; FPA = mean foot progression angle in the transverse plane (external rotation (−)); KneeFlex = maximum knee flexion during stance (flexion (+) / extension (−)); KneeExt = maximum knee extension during stance (flexion (+) / extension (−)); KneeRoM = knee range of motion in the sagittal plane during stance; LTD = maximum lateral trunk displacement in the frontal plane during stance (towards the affected stance limb (−)); HipAdd_1 = maximum hip adduction during first phase of stance (adduction (+)); HipAdd_2 = maximum hip adduction during second phase of stance (adduction (+)); HipFlex = maximum hip flexion during stance (flexion (+) / extension (−)); HipExt = maximum hip extension during stance (flexion (+) / extension (−)); HipRoM = hip range of motion in the sagittal plane during stance; significant differences are bold printed; * significant effect of speed

ISSN: 1471-2474