Table 4 Results of meta-analytic moderator analyses for job control (skill discretion) and social support (combined and colleagues)
From: Psychosocial areas of worklife and chronic low back pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Job control-skill discretion | Social support-combined | Social support-colleagues | ||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
k | OR | LL | UL | I 2 | z-Test | k | OR | LL | UL | I 2 | z-Test | k | OR | LL | UL | I 2 | z-Test | |
Study Design | ||||||||||||||||||
Cross-sectional | 3 | 1.01 | 0.72 | 1.43 | 0.0 | p = .211 | 4 | 0.72 | 0.53 | 0.98 | 69.1 | p = .651 | 3 | 0.68 | 0.47 | 1.00 | 75.9 | p = .570 |
Prospective | 4 | 0.78 | 0.62 | 0.98 | 80.7 | 8 | 0.78 | 0.64 | 0.96 | 68.3 | 4 | 0.78 | 0.59 | 1.04 | 65.2 | |||
Occupation | ||||||||||||||||||
Blue | – | p = .211 | 2 | 1.21 | 0.79 | 1.87 | 81.6 | p = .101 | – | p = .570 | ||||||||
Mixed | 4 | 0.78 | 0.62 | 0.98 | 80.7 | 5 | 0.73 | 0.60 | 0.89 | 25.0 | 4 | 0.78 | 0.59 | 1.04 | 65.2 | |||
Pink | 3 | 1.01 | 0.72 | 1.43 | 0.0 | 5 | 0.74 | 0.58 | 0.93 | 58.8 | 3 | 0.68 | 0.47 | 1.00 | 75.9 | |||
Study Quality | ||||||||||||||||||
High | – | p = 1.00 | – | p = 1.00 | – | p = 1.00 | ||||||||||||
Medium | 7 | 0.85 | 0.69 | 1.04 | 69.9 | 12 | 0.77 | 0.65 | 0.90 | 65.7 | 7 | 0.75 | 0.61 | 0.93 | 66.4 | |||
Low | – | – | – | |||||||||||||||
Country | ||||||||||||||||||
Asia | 1 | 1.00 | 0.63 | 1.58 | 0.0 | p < .001 | 2 | 0.57 | 0.34 | 0.95 | 0.0 | p = .212 | – | p = .057 | ||||
Australia/NZ | – | 1 | 0.44 | 0.22 | 0.87 | 0.0 | – | |||||||||||
Europe | 5 | 0.91 | 0.81 | 1.03 | 0.0 | 8 | 0.82 | 0.68 | 1.00 | 70.5 | 6 | 0.70 | 0.58 | 0.85 | 47.9 | |||
Northern America | 1 | 0.52 | 0.41 | 0.67 | 0.0 | 1 | 0.85 | 0.53 | 1.36 | 0.0 | 1 | 1.08 | 0.73 | 1.59 | 0.0 | |||
Exposure (months) | 4 | PE = -.044, SE = .012 | p < .001 | 8 | PE = .022, SE = .006 | p < .001 | 4 | PE = .033, SE = .012 | p = .007 | |||||||||
Year of Publication | 7 | PE = −.048, SE = .018 | p = .007 | 12 | PE = −.032, SE = .020 | p = .102 | 7 | PE = .044, SE = .017 | p = .011 | |||||||||
Sample Size | 7 | PE < −.001, SE < .001 | p = .581 | 12 | PE < .001, SE < .001 | p = .713 | 7 | PE < .001, SE < .001 | p = .620 | |||||||||
Mean Age | 7 | PE = −.035, SE = .023 | p = .130 | 12 | PE = −.020, SE = .019 | p = .287 | 7 | PE = .036, SE = .021 | p = .081 | |||||||||
Females (%) | 7 | PE = .005, SE = .002 | p = .033 | 12 | PE = −.003, SE = .002 | p = .088 | 7 | PE = −.004, SE = .003 | p = .185 | |||||||||