Table 1 Summary of the included studies
Author | study design | G1 (CPSNB)/G2 (SPSNB) | Anesthesia Method | Age G1/G2 (years) | Gender G1/G2 (female%) | Infusion technique | approach | Regieme of first shot | Surgery enrolled | Outcome measurement | Quality assessmenta | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Regieme of continuous nerve block | a | b | c | d | e | f | ||||||||||
Ding 2015 | RCT | 23/21 | General Anesthesia | 51/30 | 47.8%/52.4% | I-flow On Q pump | posterior/ultrasound-guided | 20 ml 0.5% lidocaine with epinephrine 20 ml 0.5% bupivacaine | ankle fractures | v | v | v | v | v | 4 | |
8 ml/hr. 0.2% ropivacaine | ||||||||||||||||
Elliot 2010 | RCT | 27/27 | General Anesthesia | N/A | N/A | Stryker PainPump II | lateral/nerve stimulator | 20 ml 0.5% bupivacaine | ankle fusions hindfoot fusions total ankle replacement tendon reconstruction subtalar fusion | v | v | v | v | v | 5 | |
4 ml/hr. 0.25% bupivacaine | ||||||||||||||||
Zaric 2004 | RCT | 30/30 | Spinal Anesthesia | 47/46 | 83.3%/90% | Baxter LV5 elastomeric pump | posterior/nerve stimulator | 30 ml 0.5% ropivacaine | hallux valgus correction metatarsal osteotomy great toe arthrodesis | v | v | v | v | v | v | 5 |
4 ml/hr. 0.25% ropivacaine | ||||||||||||||||
White 2003 | RCT | 10/10 | General Anesthesia | 58/50 | 60%/70% | C-bloc™ PNB system elastometric pump | lateral/nerve stimulator | 30 ml 0.25% ropivacaine | ankle or foot procedure | v | v | v | v | v | v | 5 |
5 ml/hr. 0.25% ropivacaine | ||||||||||||||||
Ilfeld 2002 | RCT | 15/15 | Regional Block | 56.1/51.5 | 66.6%/73.3% | Microject PCA pump | posterior/nerve stimulator | 50 ml 1.5% mepivacaine with epinephrine | hallux valgus correction ankle fracture Achilles tendon repair lesser toe correction subtalar fusion tibial reconstruction | v | v | v | v | 5 | ||
8 ml/hr. 0.2% ropivacine | ||||||||||||||||