Study (year) | No. T VS C | Mean age (years): T VS C | Preoperative Hb (g/dl, T:C) | Study design | Patient type | Dose of TXA | Transfusion criteria | Outcome measures |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Endres 2011 [28] | 46/51 | 67/69 | 14.91/14.51 | CCT | Lumbar degenerative spinal stenosis and instability | 1 g IV preoperative, 6 h and 12 h postoperative respectively | NR | ②③④ |
Wang 2013 [20] | 30/30 | 63.1/62 | 13.7/14.1 | RCT | Lumbar degenerative spinal stenosis and instability | 15 mg/kg mixed in 100 ml saline before surgery | NR | ①②③⑥ |
Kushioka 2016 [26] | 30/30 | 67.8/71.5 | 13.3/13.3 | CCT | Lumbar degenerative disease (single institution) | 2000 mg IV, preoperative and 16 h postoperative surgery respectively | NR | ①②③④⑤ |
Liang 2016 [21] | 30/30 | 51.13/53.83 | 13.96/13.5 | RCT | Lumbar degenerative spinal stenosis | 2000 mg in 20 ml saline solution soaked | Hb < 7 g/dl | ②③④⑤ |
Roopa 2017 [24] | 25/25 | 69.0/70 | NR | RCT | Lumbar degenerative disease (single institution) | 10 mg/kg IV before surgery and 1 mg/kg/hr. till closure. | Hb < 8 g/dl | ②③④⑥ |
Kim 2017 [22] | 24/24/24 | 61/63.3/65.2 | 13.1/13.3/13.2 | RCT | Lumbar degenerative disease (single institution) | HD group received 10 mg/kg in 100 mL of normal saline, and 2 mg/kg/h until 5 h after surgery. LD group half of the dose | NR | ①②③④ |
Ren 2017 [27] | 50/50 | 55.2/58.7 | 13.91/13.92 | CCT | Lumbar disc herniation or lumbar spinal stenosis | 1 g in 100 mL saline solution soaked | Hb < 7 g/dl | ①②③⑥ |
Shi 2017 [23] | 50/46 | 57.7/55.3 | 13.5/13.7 | RCT | Lumbar spinal stenosis or lumbar spondylolisthesis | 30 mg/kg i.v before skin incision, and a maintenance dosage of 2 mg/kg/h TA until skin closure | Hb < 7 g/dl | ①②③④⑤ |
Ou 2018 [25] | 59/59 | 64.2/64 | 12.8/12.9 | RCT | Lumbar degenerative spinal stenosis and instability (double institutions) | 15 mg/kg i.v after anesthesia, and 1.0 g in 10 mL of normal saline soaked | Hb < 9.0 g/dl | ①②③④⑤⑥ |