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Table 1 Demographic data of patients in the spacer-complication group (group A) and the no-spacer-complication group (group B)

From: Mechanical failure of articulating polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) spacers in two-stage revision hip arthroplasty: the risk factors and the impact on interim function

Characteristics

Overall (n = 31)

Group A (n = 14)

Group B (n = 17)

p-value

Age, median (IQR), y

56

(50 to 71)

55

(41 to 59)

64

(52 to 77)

0.021

Male, n (%)

19

(61.3)

10

(71.4)

9

(52.9)

0.290

BMI, median (IQR), kg/m2

23.7

(22.1 to 27.7)

23.5

(21.9 to 29.4)

23.8

(22.6 to 25.7)

0.787

ASA class, n (%)

      

0.436

 2

11

(35.5)

6

(42.9)

5

(29.4)

 

 3

20

(64.5)

8

(57.1)

12

(70.6)

 

Prosthesis type, n (%)

      

0.895

 Bipolar

8

(25.8)

3

(21.4)

5

(29.4)

 

 Primary

11

(35.5)

4

(28.6)

7

(41.2)

 

 Revision

12

(38.7)

7

(50.0)

5

(29.4)

 

Comorbidities, n (%)

 Diabetes mellitus

9

(29.0)

4

(28.6)

5

(29.4)

0.959

 Renal disease

3

(9.7)

2

(14.3)

1

(5.9)

0.431

 Liver disease

6

(19.4)

2

(14.3)

4

(23.5)

0.517

 Drug abuse

3

(9.7)

2

(14.3)

1

(5.9)

0.431

 Alcoholism

3

(9.7)

2

(14.3)

1

(5.9)

0.835

 Psychiatric disorder

2

(6.5)

2

(14.3)

0

(0)

0.107

Classification of PJI, n (%)

      

0.003

 Acute

10

(32.3)

1

(7.1)

9

(52.9)

 

 Chronic

21

(67.7)

13

(92.9)

8

(47.1)

 

1st stage

 Pre-op ESR, median (IQR), mm/hr

63

(30 to 91)

62

(28 to 96)

63

(30 to 76)

0.889

 Pre-op CRP, median (IQR), mg/dL

15

(6.3 to 73.0)

29

(9.2–95)

14.8

(5.9 to 55.7)

0.578

Approach, n (%)

      

0.031

 Posterior

23

(74.2)

13

(92.9)

10

(58.8)

 

 Direct lateral

8

(25.8)

1

(7.1)

7

(41.2)

 

Paprosky bone defect classification, n (%)

 Acetabulum

      

0.143

  I

14

(45.2)

5

(35.7)

9

(52.9)

 

  II (A + B + C)

8

(25.8)

6

(42.9)

2

(11.8)

 

  III (A + B)

9

(29.0)

3

(21.4)

6

(5.3)

 

 Femur

      

0.977

  I

8

(25.8)

4

(28.6)

4

(23.5)

 

  II

10

(32.3)

4

(28.6)

6

(35.3)

 

  III (A + B)

11

(35.5)

5

(35.7)

6

(35.3)

 

  IV

2

(6.4)

1

(7.1)

1

(5.9)

 

Additional spacer exchange

13

(41.9)

6

(42.9)

7

(41.2)

0.953

 Recurrent infection

10

 

3

 

7

  

Interim perioda, median (IQR), weeks

14.5

(11 to 32)

15

(10 to 20)

13.5

(11 to 27)

0.950

Reimplantationa

 Pre-op ESR, median (IQR), mm/hr

29.9

(11.5 to 47.0)

31.2

(14.5 to 46.0)

28.8

(8.3 to 55.5)

0.397

 Pre-op CRP, median (IQR), mg/dL

16.7

(1.32 to 5.5)

28.7

(1.83 to 6.1)

6.9

(1.0 to 5.7)

0.156

Follow-up perioda, median (IQR), months

29

(23 to 35.5)

29

(25 to 34)

30

(23 to 36)

0.948

  1. aOne patient in group A and one patient in group B had permanent spacer implantation without revision surgery and were excluded from calculation of the interim period, CRP/ESR before reimplantation, and duration of follow-up period
  2. IQR interquartile range, BMI body mass index, ASA American Society of Anesthesiologists, ESR erythrocyte sedimentation rate, CRP C-reactive protein, PJI periprosthetic joint infection
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