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Table 2 The recommended TSA of the BPSs in L1-L5

From: The methods for inserting lumbar bicortical pedicle screws from the anatomical perspective of the prevertebral great vessels

Lumbar vertebra

Left

Right

0°

5°

10°

15°

20°

0°

5°

10°

15°

20°

L1

R

×

×

×

 

R

R

R

×

 

L2

R

×

×

×

 

R

R

R

R

 

L3

R

R

×

×

 

×

×

×

×

 

L4

R

×

×

×

×

×

×

×

×

×

L5

×

×

×

×

×

×

×

×

×

×

  1. Note: R represents recommendation; × represents no recommendation