Fig. 5From: Reducing the extent of facetectomy may decrease morbidity in failed back surgery syndromeBiomechanical changes in three models. a. maximum shear stress on the annulus in L5-S1 disc. b. Total deformation of the lumbo-sacral model. Model1 The complete model. Model2 The model after one-quarter excision of the superior articular process. Model3 The model after one-half excision of the superior articular process. F. Flexion. E. Extension. L. Left lateral bending. R. Right lateral bending. A. Axial rotationBack to article page