From: Effects of femoral bone defect morphology on initial polished tapered stem stability in massive defect model: a biomechanical study
Mean ± SD (95% CI)
Number of steps (specimens)
2 steps: 4, 3 steps: 1
Torque of the first step (Nm)
37.6 ± 5.7 (30.5 to 44.6)
Fracture torque (Nm)
74.0 ± 3.7 (69.4 to 78.6)
Fracture energy (J)
13.6 ± 2.0 (11.1 to 16.0)