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Table 1 Baseline clinical and perioperative characteristics of patients with or without pulmonary complication

From: Risk factors for pulmonary complications after posterior spinal instrumentation and fusion in the treatment of congenital scoliosis: a case-control study

Variables

Overall

Pulmonary complication

No pulmonary complication

P value

Number

323

45

278

 

Age, years

17 (12–26)

26 (19–26)

15 (12–24)

< 0.001

Gender, female, no. (%)

197 (61.0%)

35 (77.8%)

162 (58.3%)

0.013

BMI, Kg/m2

18.4 (15.9–20.4)

17.8 (16.2–20.4)

18.4 (15.9–20.4)

0.973

Duration since diagnosis of scoliosis, years

11 (8–20)

20 (13–24)

10 (7–17)

< 0.001

Reoperation, no. (%)

41 (12.7%)

10 (22.2%)

31 (11.2%)

0.038

Preoperative pulmonary disease, no (%)

14 (4.3%)

9 (20.0%)

5 (1.8%)

< 0.001

The main bending

   

0.006

 Thoracic scoliosis, no (%)

239 (74.0%)

42 (93.3%)

197 (70.9%)

 

 Thoracolumbar scoliosis, no (%)

49 (15.2%)

2 (4.4%)

47 (16.9%)

 

 Lumbar scoliosis, no (%)

35 (10.8%)

1 (2.2%)

34 (12.2%)

 

Preoperative Cobb angle, degree

80.2 (57.3–103)

105.3 (88.3–122.3)

75 (55.2–97.7)

< 0.001

Correction rate, %

64 (57.7–71.3)

67.4 (60.1–71.3)

63.7 (57.4–71.2)

0.078

Preoperative WBC, ×109/L

5.9 (5.1–7.1)

5.8 (5.0–6.9)

5.9 (5.1–7.1)

0.345

Preoperative neutrophil, %

53.3 (45.4–61.2)

55.4 (48.1–60.7)

53.1 (45.4–61.3)

0.540

ASA grade

2 (1–2)

2 (1–2)

2 (1–2)

0.886

Spinal osteotomy, no (%)

167 (51.7%)

26 (57.8%)

141 (50.7%)

0.379

No. of levels fused

12 (9–14)

13 (12–14)

12 (8–14)

< 0.001

Upper thoracic screw-setting, no (%)

208 (64.4%)

40 (88.9%)

168 (60.4%)

< 0.001

Middle thoracic screw-setting, no (%)

232 (71.8%)

44 (97.8%)

188 (67.6%)

< 0.001

Lower thoracic screw-setting, no (%)

248 (76.8%)

41 (91.1%)

207 (74.5%)

0.014

Lumbar screw-setting, no (%)

291 (90.1%)

41 (91.1%)

250 (89.9%)

0.805

Thoracoplasty, no (%)

114 (35.3%)

33 (73.3%)

81 (29.1%)

< 0.001

Operation time, min

240 (180–300)

285 (250–360)

232.5 (180–295)

< 0.001

Volume of blood transfusion, ml

400 (0–400)

500 (0–800)

0 (0–400)

< 0.001

Pulmonary function

 FEV1/FVC, %

85.4 (81.3–88.9)

83.8 (80.5–88.1)

85.5 (81.3–89.2)

0.130

 RV/TLC, %

36.8 (29.9–41.8)

38.8 (33.8–43.2)

36.4 (29.6–41.6)

0.038

  1. Value is expressed as the median (interquartile range) or number (percentage)
  2. Abbreviations: BMI Body mass index, WBC White blood count, ASA American Society of Anesthesiologists, No. Number, FEV1 Forced expiratory volume in 1 s, FVC Forced vital capacity, RV Residual volume, TLC Total lung capacity