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Table 2 JBI risk of bias quality assessment for cohort studies

From: Preoperative opioid use is associated with worse patient outcomes after Total joint arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Study

Q1a

Q2

Q3

Q4

Q5

Q6

Q7

Q8

Q9

Q10

Q11

% yes

Riskb

Zywiel et al.

?

55%

Moderate

Smith et al.

?

55%

Moderate

Franklin et al.

?

27%

High

Pivec et al.

?

?

55%

Moderate

Nguyen et al.

?

?

45%

High

Goesling et al.

?

45%

High

  1. Abbreviations
  2. JBI Joanna Briggs Institute
  3. aQ1 – Q11 indicate questions 1 to 11 based on the JBI risk assessment (Additional file 1: Appendix B).
  4. Notes
  5. bThe risk of bias was ranked as high when the study reached up to 49% of “yes” scores, moderate when the study reached from 50 to 69% of “yes” scores, and low when the study reached more than 70% of “yes” scores. ‘’ indicates yes, ‘✕’ indicates no and ‘?’ indicates unclear.