Study | Year | Country | n | Procedure | Study Design | Source of Patients | Control of Confounding | Factors Matched/Adjusted | PRO | Follow up |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Zywiel et al. | 2011 | USA | 90 | TKA | Retrospective Cohort | Prospectively collected database at two institutions that specialize in lower extremity total joint arthroplasty | Matching | Center (exact match), procedure type (unilateral or bilateral procedure; exact match), sex (exact match), age (± 4 years) and BMI (± 4 kg/m2) | KSS | 38.5 months (mean) |
Smith et al. | 2017 | USA | 156 | TKA | Retrospective Cohort | Secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial evaluating motivational interviewing to enhance TKA outcomes | Risk Adjustment | Propensity Score (Pain Catastrophizing Scale score, Charlson Comorbidity Index and baseline WOMAC pain score), preoperative opioid use | WOMAC | 6 months |
Franklin et al. | 2010 | USA | 6346 | TKA | Retrospective Cohort | Prospectively data on a national sample of primary, unilateral TKA patients sponsored by Zimmer, Inc., Warsaw between 2000 and 2005 | None | None | KSS | 12 months |
Pivec et al. | 2014 | USA | 108 | THA | Retrospective Cohort | Prospectively collected database at two institutions that specialize in lower extremity total joint arthroplasty | Matching | Gender, Unilateral or bilateral total hip arthroplasty (exact), Age (±5 years), BMI (± 4 kg/m2), when possible: insurance type, tobacco use ≥0.5 packs per day, history of psychiatric disorders, history of back pain or surgery | HSS | 58 months (mean) |
Nguyen et al. | 2016 | USA | 82 | TKA, THA | Retrospective Cohort | A single institution database | Matching | Primary diagnosis, affected joint (hip/knee), American Society of Anesthesiologists’ classification of physical health, sex, BMI (±10 kg/m2), age (±10), daily morphine equivalent group | WOMAC | 6–12 months |
Goesling et al. | 2016 | USA | 574 | TKA, THA | Retrospective Cohort | Secondary analysis of data from a prospective outcome study in patients undergoing TKA and THA | None | None a | WOMAC | 6 months |