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Fig. 3 | BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders

Fig. 3

From: Preoperative opioid use is associated with worse patient outcomes after Total joint arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Fig. 3

Forrest plot comparing change in PRO scores between opioid users and opioid-naïve patients. Change in PRO score calculated by the difference in preoperative PRO score and postoperative PRO scores (CI, confidence interval; IV, Inverse variance; Random, random effects model; SMD, standard mean difference; SD, standard deviation. Individual studies SMD; pooled SMD)

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