Comparison of the regeneration of cartilage and the clinical outcomes after the open wedge high tibial osteotomy with or without microfracture: a retrospective case control study

Table 3 Comparison of MOCART scores of medial femoral condyle between the microfracture group and no-microfracture group using MRI

Variable			Microfracture (n = 57)	No microfracture (n = 30)	p-value
Total score			41.8 ± 18.6	31.8 ± 19.8	0.023*
1. Degree of defect repair and filling of the defect	Complete		14	2	< 0.001†
	Hypertrophy		16	1
	Incomplete
	> 50% of adjacent cartilage		9	5
	< 50% of adjacent cartilage		15	6
	Subchondral bone exposed		3	16
2. Integration to the border zone	Complete		3	3	0.035†
	Incomplete
	Demarcating border visible		29	6
	Defect < 50% of the length of repair tissue		16	9
	Defect > 50% of the length of repair tissue		9	12
3. Surface of the repair tissue	Surface intact		12	4	0.115†
	Surface damaged < 50% of repair tissue depth		29	12
	Surface damaged > 50% of repair tissue depth		16	14
4. Structure of the repair tissue	Homogeneous		7	4	0.998§
4. Structure of the repair tissue	Inhomogeneous or cleft formation		50	26	0.998§
5. Signal intensity of the repair tissue	Dual T2-FSE	Isointense	3	0	0.311†
		Moderately hypointense	17	8
		Markedly hypointense	37	22
	3D-GE-FS	Isointense	6	2	0.396†
		Moderately hypointense	21	9
		Markedly hypointense	30	19
6. Subchondral lamina	Intact		32	23	0.066§
6. Subchondral lamina	Not intact		25	7	0.066§
7. Subchondral bone	Intact		40	28	0.061§
7. Subchondral bone	Edema		17	2	0.061§
8. Adhesions	No		49	28	0.483§
8. Adhesions	Yes		8	2	0.483§
9. Effusion	No		48	22	0.261§
9. Effusion	Yes		9	8	0.261§

The values are presented as number except for the total score indicated. *Derived using the Student’s t-test. †Derived using the linear by linear association. §Derived with Pearson chi-square test. The statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. MOCART magnetic resonance observation of cartilage repair tissue

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