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Table 2 Group mean scores for the patients’ measures of muscle strength and activation across groups, for both limbs

From: Early initiation of home-based sensori-motor training improves muscle strength, activation and size in patients after knee replacement: a secondary analysis of a controlled clinical trial

Variable

Group

Pre-surgery

8 weeks

14 weeks

Change over time (12 weeks)

 

Limb

 

Mean (SD)

Mean (SD)

Mean (SD)

Mean

F

p value

ES %

iPeak Amp. (%) op.

control

100.0 (−)

108.8 (117.6)

126.3 (105.8)

26.3

  

–

26

non-op.

 

100.0 (−)

108.2 (77.2)

125.0 (63.6)

25.0

  

–

25

iPeak Amp. (%) op.

experimental

100.0 (−)

153.7 (160.8)

288.1 (109.4)

188.1

9.3

0.001**

–

188

non-op.

 

100.0 (−)

131.3 (88.4)

156.7 (92.3)

56.7

  

–

57

iRMS (%) op.

control

100. 0 (−)

143.7 (148.9)

181.2 (191.4)

81.2

  

–

81

non-op.

 

100.0 (−)

130.0 (92.3)

155.0 (169.2)

55.0

  

–

55

iRMS (%) op.

experimental

100.0 (−)

211.7 (141.0)

323.5 (157.1)

223.5

3.6

0.005*

–

223

non-op.

 

100.0 (−)

144.0 (160.0)

168.0 (136.1)

68.0

  

–

68

PF (N) op.

control

41.8 (17.8)

46.6 (18.6)

55.4 (23.5)

13.6

  

0.8

33

PF (N) non-op

 

57.2 (16.3)

60.0 (19.3)

69.1 (24.4)

11.9

  

0.7

21

PF (N) op.

experimental

39.8 (15.3)

49.3 (18.0)

67.5 (17.4)

27.7

1.3

0.47

1.8

28

PF (N) non-op

 

55.3 (20.6)

64.7 (24.4)

78.5 (20.9)

23.2

  

1.1

42

  1. p value signifies the statistical significance of the main interaction effect between the groups; ES: relative effect size, computed as (group mean score at 14 weeks – group mean score at pre-surgery)/pooled SD; iP.Amp.: integrated EMG peak amplitude; iRMS: integrated Root Mean Square; PF: peak force; op.: operated limb; non-op.: non-operated limb; * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.001; ns: non-significant