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Table 6 Previously reported prevalence of T-OLF and DISH

From: Epidemiology of ossification of the spinal ligaments and associated factors in the Chinese population: a cross-sectional study of 2000 consecutive individuals

Type

Authors/reported year

Country

Race

Sample Size

Modality

Prevalence rate

M (%)

F (%)

T (%)

T-OLF

Guo et al. [9]/2010

China

Asian

1736

MRI, CT

2.1

4.87

3.8

Mori et al. [29]/2013

Japan

Asian

3013

Chest CT

38

33.9

36

Lang et al. [10]/2013

China

Asian

993

Chest CT

68.5

59

63.9

Moon et al. [31]/2015

Korea

Asian

2134

MRI

13.7

19

16.9

Fujimori et al. [16]/2016

Japan

Asian

1500

PETCT

15

7.7

12

Kim et al. [4]/2018

Korea

Asian

4999

Chest CT

23

20.1

21.8

Present study

China

Asian

2000

PETCT

36.10

40.75

37.65

DISH

Julkunen et al. [41]/1975

Finland

White

8993

Chest x-ray

3.8

2.6

2.6

Cassim et al. [42]/1990

South Africa

African

1500

Chest x-ray

3.8

4.2

3.9

Weinfeld et al. [43]/1997

USA

Mixed race

2364

Chest x-ray

25

15

NA

Kiss et al. [44]/2002

Hungary

White

635

x-ray

27.3

12.8

19.8

Kim et al. [45]/2004

Korea

Asian

3595

Chest x-ray

5.4

0.8

2.9

Westerveld et al. [46]/2008

Netherlands

White

501

Chest x-ray

22.7

12.1

17

Kagotani et al. [6]/2015

Japan

Asian

1647

Whole spine x-ray

22

4.8

11

Hirasawa et al. [47]/2016

Japan

Asian

558

Chest-pelvis CT

38.7

13.9

27.2

Fujimori et al. [16]/2016

Japan

Asian

1500

PETCT

16

6.2

12

Mori et al. [48]/2017

Japan

Asian

3013

Chest CT

13

2.5

8.7

Hiyama et al. [49]/2018

Japan

Asian

1479

Whole spine CT

21.1

16

19.5

Present study

China

Asian

2000

PETCT

4.87

1.80

3.85

  1. T total, M male, F female, T-OLF ossification of the ligamentum flavum of the thoracic spine, DISH diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis, CT computed tomography, NA not available, PETCT, positron emission tomography and computed tomography, MRI magnetic resonance imaging