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Table 1 Patient demographics and baseline clinical characteristics

From: Percutaneous periarticular multi-drug injection at one day after total knee arthroplasty as a component of multimodal pain management: a randomized control trial

Variable

Additional periarticular injection (22 patients)

No additional injection (21 patients)

P-value

Age, years

72 ± 7

76 ± 8

0.12*

Sex (Female/Male)

19/3

15/6

0.28†

Side (Right/Left)

10/12

12/9

0.55†

Height, cm

153 ± 10

152 ± 7

0.69*

Weight, kg

61.3 ± 9.0

60.6 ± 10.6

0.82*

Body mass index, kg/m2

26.4 ± 4.1

26.3 ± 3.7

0.92*

Diagnosis (Osteoarthritis/Avascular necrosis)

19/3

16/5

0.46†

History of diabetes mellitus (yes/no)

4/18

3/18

>  0.99†

Preoperative visual analog scale at rest, mm

35 ± 32

40 ± 27

0.61*

Preoperative visual analog scale during activity, mm

39 ± 22

37 ± 22

0.85*

Preoperative flexion angle, degree

127 ± 17

120 ± 18

0.26*

Preoperative extension angle, degree

− 9 ± 9

−9 ± 8

0.99*

Duration of surgery, min

84 ± 10

86 ± 15

0.53*

  1. Results are expressed as means ± standard deviation, unless stated otherwise
  2. *P-values were determined with Student’s t test
  3. P-values were determined with Fisher’s exact test