Table 3 Multivariable logistic regression of risk factors for having back pain in the past 12 months among study health care workers (n = 740)

Secondary and tertiary care vs. primary

1.32 (1.01–1.76)

Female vs. male

1.07 (0.72–1.58)

Age in years

1.00 (0.98–1.03)

BMI (kg/m²)

1.10 (1.01–3.65)

Dentist vs. others

1.10 (0.96–1.26

Long standing vs. others

1.12 (0.92–1.36)

Non-smoker vs. smoker

0.83 (0.46–1.48)

Back trauma^a (yes vs. no)

11.52 (4.14–32.08)

Physical activity (yes vs. no)

0.61 (0.42–0.89)

Chronic disease (yes vs. no)

1.02 (0.89–1.17)