Table 1 Summary of study characteristics of the included study
Age (y) | No of patients | Intervention method | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Author (date) | Surgery | CG | NCG | CG | NCG | CG | NCG | Anesthesia | Criteria for urinary retention | Outcomes |
Lorio et al. 2000 [15] | TKA | 67.8 | 66.8 | 306 | 346 | Use a catheter for 24 h postoperatively | No catheter | General/Spinal /Epidural anesthesia | n.s. | 2 |
Van den Brand et al. 2001 [16] | TKA and THA | 68.6 | 68.2 | 46 | 53 | Use a catheter for 48 h postoperatively | No catheter | General/Spinal anesthesia | n.s. | 2 |
Miller et al. 2013 [17] | THA | 60.1 | 58.7 | 107 | 93 | Use a catheter for 8 h postoperatively | No catheter | Spinal anesthesia with bupivacaine | > 400 ml | 1, 2 |
Huang et al. 2014 [18] | TKA | 66.9 | 67.4 | 157 | 157 | Use a catheter for 24 h postoperatively | No catheter | general anesthesia with saphenous nerve block | > 400 ml | 1, 2, 3, 4 |
Cai et al. 2014 [19] | TKA | 57.7 | 58.6 | 56 | 56 | Use a catheter for 24 h postoperatively | No catheter | Intraveous combined inhaled anesthesia | > 400 ml | 1, 2, 3, 4 |
Luo et al. 2017 [20] | TKA | 68.9 | 67.2 | 30 | 30 | Use a catheter for 24 h postoperatively | No catheter | General anesthesia | > 400 ml | 1, 2, 3 |
Peng et al. 2018 [21] | TKA | 66.8 | 67.4 | 48 | 48 | Use a catheter for 24 h postoperatively | No catheter | Combined spinal and epidural anesthesia | > 500 ml | 1, 2, 3 |