Table 1 Descriptive statistics for characteristics of study participants

Age, years (mean ± SD)

64.1 ± 10.1

Sex (M:F)

17:25

BMI, kg/m² (mean ± SD)

28.7 ± 3.7

Side (L:R)

18:24

OA Severity (KL) (Score of 0/1/2/3/4)

0/0/2/21/19

Medial OA severity (KL) (Score of 0/1/2/3/4)

3/7/7/14/11

Lateral OA severity (KL) (Score of 0/1/2/3/4)

13/18/3/6/2

WOMAC Score (score range: 0 to 20)

9.8 ± 2.9

Medial Joint Space Narrowing (JSN) (Score of 0/1/2/3)

10/6/10/14^a

Lateral Joint Space Narrowing (JSN) (Score of 0/1/2/3)

30/5/1/4^a

Non-weight-bearing alignment

28 varus, 6 neutral, 8 valgus

Total BMD, mg/cm³ K₂HPO₄ (mean ± SD)

279 ± 51

Medial BMD, mg/cm³ K₂HPO₄(mean ± SD)

311 ± 88

Lateral BMD, mg/cm³ K₂HPO₄(mean ± SD)

240 ± 58