Difference in whole spinal alignment between supine and standing positions in patients with adult spinal deformity using a new comparison method with slot-scanning three-dimensional X-ray imager and computed tomography through digital reconstructed radiography

Table 3 Comparison of the values of standard parameters between supine (CT-generated DRR) and standing (original EOS) positions by paired t-test

Parameters (°)	position	Image modality	Mean	Range (min/max)	SD	SE	95% CI^*1	Type I error (α)
T1-T12 kyphosis	supine	CT	24.4	−2.2 / 44.7	10.9	2.2	19.8 / 29.0	0.8581
T1-T12 kyphosis	standing	EOS	24.0	−6.8 / 56.2	15.5	3.2	17.5 / 30.5	0.8581
T4-T12 kyphosis	supine	CT	15.3	−10.3 / 35.7	11.1	2.3	10.7 / 20.0	0.1641
T4-T12 kyphosis	standing	EOS	17.8	−10.6 / 45.8	14.5	3.0	11.7 / 24.0	0.1641
L1-S1 LL^*2	supine	CT	33.1	−11 / 55.9	17.5	3.8	25.7 / 40.5	*0.0002*
L1-S1 LL^*2	standing	EOS	21.8	−32.6 / 63.3	25.5	5.2	11.0 / 32.6	*0.0002*
L1-L5 LL	supine	CT	18.9	−20.3 / 45.1	16.9	3.5	11.7 / 26.0	*0.0010*
L1-L5 LL	standing	EOS	8.5	−38.5 / 66.0	26.1	5.3	−2.5 / 19.5	*0.0010*
SS^*3	supine	CT	34.1	11.1 / 48.5	10.5	2.2	29.7 / 38.6	*0.0003*
SS^*3	standing	EOS	27.0	0 / 60.4	14.1	2.9	21.1 / 33.0	*0.0003*
PT^*4	supine	CT	19.2	5.2 / 37	7.5	1.5	16.1 / 22.4	*< 0.0001*
PT^*4	standing	EOS	30.7	3.8 / 48	10.6	2.2	26.2 / 35.2	*< 0.0001*
PI^*5	supine	CT	53.4	32.2 / 68.1	9.2	1.9	49.5 / 57.3	*0.0013*
PI^*5	standing	EOS	57.7	33.6 / 80.8	10.9	2.2	53.1 / 62.3	*0.0013*
Cobb angle^*6	supine	CT	31.0	6.8 / 57	15.3	3.6	23.4 / 38.7	*0.0001*
Cobb angle^*6	standing	EOS	39.5	12.2 / 74.2	20.1	4.7	29.5 / 49.4	*0.0001*
Rotation^*7	supine	CT	11.7	0.1 / 25.0	7.6	1.8	8.0 / 15.5	*0.0318*
Rotation^*7	standing	EOS	14.7	0.7 / 34.9	10.2	2.4	9.7 / 19.8	*0.0318*

^*195% confidence interval
^*2Lumbar lordosis
^*3Sacral slope
^*4Pelvic tilt
^*5Pelvic incidence
^*6Cobb’s angle of major curve (°)
^*7Vertebral rotation of the apex in the major curve (°)
Mean values with bold letters indicate statistically significance (p < 0.05) between supine (CT) and standing (EOS)

ISSN: 1471-2474