Fig. 3From: Surface damage of bovine articular cartilage-off-bone: the effect of variations in underlying substrate and frequencyRepresentative images of bovine articular cartilage-off-bone samples after testing, at 1 Hz frequency of loading. Image a-d display a sample result at substrates 1–4, respectively. Damage as cracks and indentation were identified with application of India ink. Cracks formed are highlighted with the black ellipse for clear observation. Indentation can be observed across most of the cartilage-off-bone specimen surface, at this frequency of loading. Scale bar (mm) included for quantifying resultsBack to article page