Table 1 Group means (± standard deviation) for the variables tested for their relationship with not achieving a minimal clinically important difference (MCID) in outcome in response to the non-surgical multidisciplinary management of KOA, SIS, and LBP
Variables | Knee Osteoarthritis (n = 190) | Shoulder Impingement Syndrome (n = 199) | Low Back Pain (n = 242) |
|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 59.61 ± 10.48 | 60.75 ± 12.95 | 51.52 ± 15.02 |
Gender (% male) | 39%* | 45%* | 44% |
Body Mass Index (kilogram/meters2) | 33.23 ± 7.29 | 30.51 ± 7.41 | 30.87 ± 7.73 |
Comorbidities (number) | 3.26 ± 2.17 | 3.03 ± 2.24* | 2.53 ± 2.17 |
Medications (number) | 4.86 ± 3.6 | 5.22 ± 4.59 | 4.54 ± 4.41 |
Quality of Life (utility score/1) | 0.5 ± 0.26* | 0.53 ± 0.26 | 0.44 ± 0.26 |
Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale | |||
Depression (score/42) | 8.35 ± 10.21* | 7.68 ± 9.92 | 10.45 ± 10.19 |
Anxiety Score (score/42) | 6.23 ± 7.42* | 5.74 ± 7.65 | 9.01 ± 8.76 |
Stress Score (score/42) | 9.92 ± 9.53* | 10.1 ± 10.15 | 13.83 ± 10.47 |
Pain Self-Efficacy (score/60) | 34.89 ± 14.88* | 37.04 ± 16.01 | 31.29 ± 14.87* |
Pain Severity (score/100 mm) | 56.36 ± 21.94 | 57.67 ± 23.5 | 58.03 ± 20.99 |
Function (score/10) | 3.81 ± 1.71* | 3.41 ± 1.96 | 3.85 ± 1.52 |
Symptom Duration (months) | 61.09 ± 82.25 | 24.89 ± 57.4 | 93.19 ± 112.61* |
Traumatic Onset (% traumatic, (n)) | 17% (32) | 29% (57) | 12% (30) |
Previous Consultation (% yes, (n)) | 13% (24) | 4% (8) | 12% (28)* |
Previous Surgery (% yes, (n)) | 13% (24) | 0.5% (1) | 5% (12) |
Symptom Distribution (% cases, n) as recorded in the medical record body chart: Knee Osteoarthritis – Pain reported; lower back/pelvic/hip region (40.53%, 77), lower leg (12%, 23), bilateral knee (40%, 76)*. Shoulder Impingement Syndrome – Pain reported; cervical (27%, 53), acromioclavicular (16%, 32), forearm (29%, 58), bilateral shoulder (16%, 31). Low Back Pain - Pain reported; bilateral lower back 74% (178), one leg 47% (114)*, both legs 21% (51), thoracic and/or cervical region 16% (39)*. Paraesthesia and/or anaesthesia reported in the legs 41% (99). | |||
Radiological Findings (% cases, n) as reported in medical records: Knee Osteoarthritis – Medial (89%, 169), lateral (45%, 86) or patella (64% (122) compartment osteoarthritis, or tri-compartmental osteoarthritis (30%, 56). Osteoarthritis rated as severe (42%, 80)*. Reported meniscus pathology (25%, 47), valgus (9%, 18) or varus (18% 35) alignment. Shoulder Impingement Syndrome – Glenohumeral (19%, 37) or acromioclavicular (51%, 101) joint osteoarthritis, subacromial bursa distension (53%, 106), supraspinatus (67%, 134), infraspinatus (5%, 10)*, or subscapularis (15%, 30) muscle tendon tears. Multiple rotator cuff tendon tears; 1 (53%, 105), 2 (14%, 28), 3 (3%, 5). Low Back Pain – Lumbar degenerative changes (71%, 171), disc pathology (63%, 153), vertebral body pathology (18%, 44), zygopophyseal joint pathology (29%, 70), neural compression (43%, 103)*, spondylolisthesis (18%, 44), canal stenosis (31%, 75), foraminal stenosis (24%, 59). | |||