Table 1 The symptoms and signs of cervical spondylosis
symptoms | signs |
|---|---|
Cervical pain aggravated by movement | Poorly localised tenderness |
Referred pain (occiput, between the shoulder blades, upper limbs) | Limited range of movement (forward flexion, backward extension, lateral flexion, and rotation to both sides) |
Retro-orbital or temporal pain (from C1 to C2) | Minor neurological changes like inverted supinator jerks (unless complicated by myelopathy or radiculopathy) |
Cervical stiffness—reversible or irreversible | |
Vague numbness, tingling, or weakness in upper limbs | |
Dizziness or vertigo | |
Poor balance | |
Rarely, syncope, triggers migraine, pseudo-angina | |