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Table 3 Univariate and multivariate analyses of prognostic factors of cancer survival by sarcoma type

From: Descriptive epidemiology and outcomes of bone sarcomas in adolescent and young adult patients in Japan

  All sarcomas   Osteosarcoma   Chondrosarcoma Ewing sarcoma  
Univariate Multivariate Univariate Multivariate Univariate Multivariate Univariate Multivariate
HR (95% CI) HR (95% CI) HR (95% CI) HR (95% CI) HR (95% CI) HR (95% CI) HR (95% CI) HR (95% CI)
Age at diagnosis
 AYA Reference Reference Reference Reference Reference Reference Reference Reference
 Child 1.04 (0.79–1.36) 0.83 (0.59–1.18) 1.02 (0.73–1.42) 1.00 (0.70–1.43)    0.57 (0.33–1.00) 0.35 (0.15–0.83)
 Adult 1.14 (0.92–1.43) 1.61 (1.16–2.24) 1.99 (1.42–2.78) 1.58 (1.11–2.24) 1.82 (0.66–5.02) 1.77 (0.63–4.94) 1.92 (0.98–3.74) 1.97 (0.69–5.65)
 Elderly 1.99 (1.61–2.46) 3.74 (2.66–5.28) 4.35 (3.14–6.02) 3.26 (2.29–4.64) 7.38 (2.91–18.75) 6.13 (2.38–15.75) NA NA
Sex
 Male Reference Reference Reference Reference Reference Reference Reference Reference
 Female 0.93 (0.79–1.10) 0.85 (0.68–1.06) 1.01 (0.80–1.29) 0.96 (0.75–1.23) 1.07 (0.64–1.78) 1.20 (0.70–2.06) 0.96 (0.60–1.55) 1.08 (0.53–2.19)
Histologic grade
 Low Reference Reference    Reference Reference   
 High 6.63 (4.71–9.34) 3.77 (1.93–7.37)    4.73 (2.75–8.14) 3.27 (1.84–5.83)   
Tumor size
 ≤8 cm Reference Reference Reference Reference Reference Reference Reference Reference
 > 8 cm and ≤ 16 cm 1.84 (1.53–2.21) 1.26 (0.99–1.62) 1.74 (1.32–2.30) 1.63 (1.23–2.16) 2.79 (1.55–5.02) 2.03 (1.12–3.70) 0.86 (0.51–1.44) 0.55 (0.25–1.23)
 > 16 cm 2.92 (2.21–3.87) 2.20 (1.52–3.19) 2.65 (1.74–4.030) 2.84 (1.86–4.35) 4.81 (2.30–10.07) 3.06 (1.40–6.68) 3.00 (1.41–6.37) 2.39 (0.87–6.57)
Tumor location
 Upper extremity Reference Reference Reference Reference Reference Reference Reference Reference
 Lower extremity 1.64 (1.14–2.37) 1.41 (0.94–2.12) 1.30 (0.79–2.14) 1.19 (0.72–1.98) 2.65 (0.78–9.04) 2.30 (0.66–8.03) 1.37 (0.52–3.61) 1.63 (0.51–5.22)
 Trunk 2.48 (1.72–3.59) 1.43 (0.91–2.23) 4.43 (2.63–7.46) 2.64 (1.53–4.56) 4.40 (1.36–14.25) 3.62 (1.08–12.15) 1.01 (0.40–2.55) 1.19 (0.36–3.91)
 Head and neck 1.93 (0.75–4.95) 0.82 (0.19–3.51) 1.35 (0.40–4.60) 1.73 (0.50–6.04)    1.78 (0.21–15.34) 5.16 (0.53–50.02)
 Multiple disease 5.99 (3.68–9.74) 2.60 (1.17–5.78)       
Limb salvage
 Salvaged Reference Reference Reference Reference Reference   Reference  
 Amputated 2.15 (1.72–2.70) 2.98 (2.28–3.89) 2.47 (1.83–3.33) 2.80 (2.05–3.83) 1.56 (0.62–3.96)   2.01 (0.80–5.07)  
Surgical margin
 Negative (wide or marginal) Reference Reference Reference   Reference   Reference Reference
 Positive (intralesional) 1.14 (0.81–1.60) 1.78 (1.21–2.62) 1.26 (0.52–3.07)   0.68 (0.26–1.76)   3.67 (1.60–8.40) 5.28 (1.90–14.62)
  1. AYA adolescent and young adult, HR Hazard ratio, CI confidence interval
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