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Table 2 Summary of the efficacy and safety outcomes among the studies

From: Low molecular weight heparin versus other anti-thrombotic agents for prevention of venous thromboembolic events after total hip or total knee replacement surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis

1st author (year)

Treatments

number of patients

Procedure

Efficacyb

Safetyb

Death during follow-up

Major VTE (DVT + PE)a

DVT

PE

Major bleeding

Minor or non-major bleeding

I. LMWH vs. placebo (saline)

 Fuji (2008) [29]

Enoxaparin

251

THR

 

66/251

66/251

0/251

6/306

12/306

20 mg qd

81

 

21/81

21/81

–

1/100

1/100

40 mg qd

80

 

27/80

27/80

–

2/102

7/102

20 mg bid

90

 

18/90

18/90

–

3/104

4/104

Placebo

86

 

36/86

36/86

0/86

0/101

2/101

Enoxaparin

236

TKR

 

86/236

84/236

2/236

4/275

21/275

20 mg qd

78

 

35/78

34/78

1/78

0/89

5/89

40 mg qd

74

 

26/74

25/74

1/74

1/91

6/91

20 mg bid

84

 

25/84

25/84

0/84

3/95

10/95

Placebo

79

 

48/79

48/79

0/79

4/89

4/89

 Bergqvist (1996) [38]

Enoxaparin, 40 mg

131

THR

0

21/117

21/117

0/117

  

Placebo

131

THR

0

45/116

45/116

0/116

  

 Planes (1996) [39]

Enoxaparin, 40 mg

90

THR

0

 

6/85

   
 

Placebo

89

THR

0

 

17/88

   

 Kim (2016) [20]

Enoxaparin

184

THR

0

11/184

11/184

0/184

  
 

Rivaroxaban

184

 

0

11/184

10/184

1/184

  
 

Placebo

185

 

0

13/185

12/185

1/185

  

 Zou (2014) [22]

LMWH

112

TKA

  

14/112

   

Rivaroxaban

102

   

3/102

   

Aspirin

110

   

18/110

   

 Kakkar (2008) [RECORD 2] [30]

enoxaparin

1229

 

6/869

75/869

71/869

4/869

1/1229

 
 

Rivaroxaban

1228

THR

2/864

15/864

14/864

1/864

1/1228

 

 Eriksson (2008) [RECORD 1] [31]

Enoxaparin

2224

THR

0/1558

33/1678

53/1558

1/1558

2/2224

129/2224

Rivaroxaban

2209

 

1/1598

4/1686

12/1598

4/1598

6/2209

128/2209

 Lassen (2008) [RECORD 3] [32]

Enoxaparin

1239

TKR

4/1217

24/925

160/878

4/878

6/1239

54/1239

Rivaroxaban

1220

 

0/1201

9/908

79/824

0/824

7/1220

53/1220

 Turpie (2009) [RECORD 4] [27]

Enoxaparin

1564

TKR

3/1508

22/1112

86/959

8/1508

4/1508

138/1508

Rivaroxaban

1584

 

4/1526

13/1122

61/965

4/1526

10/1526

155/1526

 Lassen (2009) [ADVANCE-1] [28]

Enoxaparin

1596

THR

3/1554

20/1216

92/1122

7/1596

22/1588

47/1588

Apixaban

1599

 

0/1562

26/1269

89/1142

16/1599

11/1596

35/1596

 Lassen (2010a) [ADVANCE-2] [24]

Enoxaparin

1529

TKR

1/1469

26/1199

248/997

0/1529

14/1508

58/1508

Apixaban

1528

 

1/1458

13/1195

142/971

4/1528

9/1501

44/1501

 Lassen (2010b) [ADVANCE-3] [25]

Enoxaparin

2699

TKR

1/2577

25/2195

68/1911

5/2699

18/2659

120/2659

Apixaban

2708

 

2/2598

10/2199

22/1944

3/2708

22/2673

109/2673

 Eriksson (2014) [21]

enoxaparin

393

THA

0/393

48/314 (ITT)

6/314

1/314

8/393 (2.0)

20/393 (5.0)

Darexaban

1529

1/1529

150/1132 (ITT)

9/1132

4/1132

25/1529 (1.6)

61/1529 (4.0)

15 mg bid

374

 

42/269 (ITT)

3/269

2/269

5/374

 

30 mg qd

383

 

39/293 (ITT)

1/293

1/293

4/383

 

30 mg bid

387

 

33/296 (ITT)

2/296

1/296

9/387

 

60 mg qd

385

 

36/274 (ITT)

3/274

0/274

7/385

 

II. LMWH vs. direct thrombin inhibitor

 Heit (2001) [10]

Enoxaparin

125

TKR

0/125

23/97

23/97

0/97

1/125

 

Ximelagatran

475

TKR

1/475

77/447

74/447

3/447

  

8 mg

85

  

17/63

17/63

0/63

0/85

 

12 mg

134

  

20/202

20/202

0/202

0/134

 

18 mg

126

  

25/87

23/87

2/87

2/126

 

24 mg

130

  

15/95

14/95

1/95

0/130

 

 Eriksson (2003b) [37]

Enoxaparin

957

THR

0/957c

45/823

  

10/942

61/942

Ximelagatran, 24 mg

966

 

4/966c

14/773

  

37/915

87/915

Enoxaparin

432

TKR

 

29/355

  

6/445

36/445

Ximelagatran, 24 mg

433

  

12/365

  

9/463

39/463

 Colwell (2003) [36]

Enoxaparin

910

  

36/775

36/775

0/775

8/910

 

Ximelagatran, 24 mg

906

THR

 

62/782

62/782

0/782

7/906

 

 Eriksson (2003a) [35]

Enoxaparin

942 (ITT)

THR

0/942c

146/801

142/801

4/801

10/942

 

Ximelagatran, 24 mg

914 (ITT)

 

5/914c

99/765

97/765

2/765

37/915

 

Enoxaparin

445 (ITT)

TKR

 

169/383

167/383

2/383

6/445

 

Ximelagatran, 24 mg

463 (ITT)

  

132/376

131/376

1/376

9/463

 

 Ginsberg (2009) [RE-MOBILIZE] [26]

Enoxaparin

868

TKR

0

163/868

158/868

5/868

12 (1.4)

 

Dabigatran Etexilate

1728

 

2

405/1728

399/1728

6/1728

  

220 mg

857

 

1

187/857

 

6/857

5 (0.6)

 

150 mg

871

 

1

218/871

 

0/871

5 (0.6)

 

 Eriksson (2007a) [RE-MODEL] [33]

Enoxaparin

694

TKR

1/685 (0.1)

  

1/685

9/694 (1.3)

69 (9.9)

Dabigatran Etexilate

1382

 

2/763

  

1/1382

  

220 mg

679

 

1/675 (0.1)

  

0/675

10/679 (1.5)

60 (8.8)

150 mg

703

 

1/696 (0.1)

  

1/696

9/703 (1.3)

59 (8.4)

 Eriksson (2007b) [RE-NOVATE; Europe, Australia, and South Africa] [34]

Enoxaparin

1154

THR

0/1142

36/917

Asymptomatic:

56/894

Symptomatic: 1/1142

3/1142

18

74

Dabigatran etexilate

2309

 

6/2293

66/1797

Asymptomatic:

56/894

Symptomatic: 1/1142

6/2293

38

142

220 mg

1146

THR

3/1137

28/909

Asymptomatic:

40/874

Symptomatic: 6/1137

5/1137

23

70

150 mg

1163

 

3/1156

38/888

Asymptomatic:

63/871

Symptomatic: 9/1156

1/1156

15

72

 11Eriksson (2011), 220 mg [RE-NOVATE II; North America] [23]

Enoxaparin

1.003

THR

1/951

4/951

67/783

2/992

9/1003

54/1003

Dabigatran etexilate

1010

 

0/942

2/942

60/791

1/1001

14/1010

61/1010

  1. Abbreviations: DVT deep vein thrombosis, PE pulmonary embolism, THA total hip arthroplasty, THR total hip replacement, TKA total knee arthroplasty, TKR total knee replacement, VET venous thromboembolism;
  2. aMajor venous thromboembolism was the composite of proximal deep-vein thrombosis and nonfatal pulmonary embolism
  3. bEfficacy and safety were summarized as n/N, that n means number of cases and N means number of given treatments
  4. cThe number of patients dies was the total death in both THR and TKR groups