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Table 1 The outcomes and complications according to the Garden classification

From: Suboptimal outcomes after closed reduction and internal fixation of displaced femoral neck fractures in middle-aged patients: is internal fixation adequate in this age group?

 

Non-displaced

Displaced

P-value*

All patients (male:female)

48 (13:35)

69 (30:39)

N/A

Optimal outcomes

45 (93.7%)

11 (15.9%)

0.001

Complications

3 (6.3%)

58 (84.1%)

 

Varus malunion/shortening

0

27 (39.1%)

0.001

 Avascular necrosis

1 (2.1%)

10 (14.5%)

0.026

 Non-union/early collapse

2 (4.2%)

23 (33.3%)

0.001

 Shift to arthroplasty

3 (6.3%)

26 (37.7%)

0.001

  1. *P-values were calculated using Fisher’s exact test