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Table 2 Descriptive statistics, internal consistency (n = 567) and reliability (n = 182) where all items are codeda 0 to 4 for comparison

From: Evaluation of three patient reported outcome measures following operative fixation of closed ankle fractures

Instrument/item

% miss

Mean (SD)

Frequencies %

Cronbach’s alpha (scale)/item scale correlation

Test-retest ICC (scores), weighted kappa (items)

0

1

2

3

4

Lower Extremity Functional Scale LEFSb

4.2

67.20 (15.09)

     

0.96

0.91

LEFS adjustedc

2.8

83.89 (19.01)

     

–

0.91

 1 Usual work, housework, school

2.6

3.51 (0.89)

1.8

2.5

8.2

17.5

70.0

0.81

0.77

 2 Hobbies, recreational, sports

4.9

3.22 (1.02)

2.8

5.4

10.2

29.8

51.8

0.78

0.76

 3 Getting in and out of bath

5.8

3.54 (0.97)

3.4

3.2

5.1

12.4

75.9

0.72

0.76

 4 Walking between rooms

2.8

3.91 (0.40)

0.2

0.5

0.9

5.3

93.1

0.56

0.70

 5 Putting on socks or shoes

3.0

3.65 (0.72)

0.9

1.5

4.9

17.3

75.4

0.70

0.71

 6 Squatting

3.0

3.03 (1.30)

7.8

9.1

8.0

21.7

53.3

0.73

0.74

 7 Lifting things up from floor

2.1

3.82 (0.57)

0.9

0.5

2.2

8.0

88.4

0.61

0.79

 8 Light activities in the home

2.5

3.82 (0.54)

0.2

0.9

3.1

8.5

87.3

0.69

0.78

 9 Heavy activities in the home

2.5

3.27 (1.05)

2.7

6.5

9.4

23.2

58.1

0.85

0.85

 10 Getting in/out of car

2.5

3.72 (0.64)

0.2

1.6

4.4

14.2

79.7

0.67

0.68

 11 Walking 2 blocks

3.0

3.69 (0.82)

2.4

1.5

4.4

8.2

83.6

0.74

0.80

 12 Walking a mile

3.4

3.42 (1.07)

4.2

3.8

7.9

13.7

70.3

0.82

0.84

 13 Going up or down ten stairs

3.2

3.65 (0.78)

1.1

2.4

4.9

13.9

77.7

0.75

0.73

 14 Standing 1 h

2.8

3.11 (1.21)

6.0

7.8

8.6

24.0

53.6

0.84

0.85

 15 Sitting 1 h

3.4

3.77 (0.65)

0.5

1.8

3.1

9.5

84.8

0.51

0.57

 16 Running on even ground

5.1

2.74 (1.46)

13.6

10.3

9.9

20.7

45.5

0.85

0.87

 17 Running on uneven ground

4.4

2.46 (1.47)

16.3

12.8

13.0

24.4

33.5

0.83

0.85

 18 Sharp turns when running fast

4.9

2.53 (1.52)

17.1

12.5

9.3

22.0

39.1

0.84

0.82

 19 Hopping

4.6

2.43 (1.53)

18.2

13.2

12.2

19.9

36.5

0.83

0.83

 20 Rolling over in bed

2.7

3.82 (0.54)

0.4

1.1

1.6

10.0

86.7

0.56

0.65

Olerud-Molander Ankle Score OMAS

17.3

74.12 (24.91)

     

0.82

0.92

OMAS adjustedc

1.6

75.62 (24.07)

     

–

0.91

 1 Pain when walking

4.9

3.01 (1.21)

7.3

4.8

13.8

27.6

46.6

0.67

0.76

 2 Stiffness (2 pt. scale)

2.7

1.81 (1.99)

54.7

   

45.3

0.55

0.77

 3 Swelling (3 pt. scale)

3.5

2.83 (1.53)

17.1

 

24.2

 

58.7

0.51

0.80

 4 Use of stairs (2 pt. scale)

1.2

3.25 (1.03)

1.4

 

35.8

 

63.8

0.73

0.81

 5 Running (2 pt. scale)

2.5

2.66 (1.89)

33.6

   

66.4

0.66

0.81

 6 Jumping (2 pt. scale)

6.2

2.60 (1.91)

34.9

   

65.1

0.65

0.80

 7 Squatting (2 pt. scale)

4.6

2.68 (1.88)

33.0

   

67.0

0.61

0.68

 8 Assistive devices (3 pt. scale)

3.2

3.72 (0.91)

4.4

 

5.3

 

90.3

0.37

0.90

   

0

1.33

 

2.67

4

  

 9 Work and daily activities (4 pt. scale)

2.5

3.27 (1.14)

6.4

5.1

 

25.8

62.8

0.66

0.77

Self-Reported Foot & Ankle Score SEFAS

8.5

20.78 (9.16)

     

0.93

0.93

SEFAS adjustedc

1.6

81.40 (19.17)

     

–

0.93

 1 Usual pain level

1.6

2.76 (1.51)

2.9

14.9

19.1

29.3

33.8

0.82

0.83

 2 Walking time before pain too much

3.7

3.58 (0.83)

0.4

5.0

5.1

14.7

74.8

0.69

0.76

 3 Work not done as carefully as usual

2.5

3.27 (0.96)

2.2

3.8

12.0

28.5

53.5

0.69

0.78

 4 Use of special innersoles and shoes

1.9

3.54 (1.06)

4.7

4.2

2.7

8.8

79.6

0.35

0.69

 5 Usual work, housework, hobbies

2.1

3.29 (0.99)

1.1

6.9

11.0

23.5

57.5

0.87

0.85

 6 Limping

1.6

3.02 (1.23)

6.8

4.5

22.7

11.0

55.0

0.75

0.77

 7 Staircase

2.3

3.55 (0.80)

0.9

2.0

8.3

18.5

70.3

0.71

0.80

 8 Problem in bed

1.6

3.21 (1.10)

2.5

4.7

22.7

10.1

60.1

0.72

0.70

 9 Usual free time activities

1.8

3.11 (1.09)

2.7

9.2

10.6

29.7

47.7

0.86

0.88

 10 Swelling

2.1

3.00 (1.20)

7.1

6.9

9.4

32.4

44.3

0.57

0.90

 11 Getting up from a chair

1.8

3.60 (0.72)

0.2

1.8

7.0

19.6

71.4

0.77

0.77

 12 Sudden strong pain

1.8

3.15 (1.02)

1.3

3.4

27.7

14.2

53.2

0.68

0.77

  1. aTo aid comparison, all items were coded from 0 to 4 where 4 is the best possible health; OMAS values in italics represent the four scale points for item 9 converted to the 0–4 scale. LEFS and SEFAS have five-point scales for all items. OMAS scaling varies across items which gives the blank spaces for those items with four or less scale categories
  2. bInstrument scoring: LEFS 0–80 where 80 is the best possible; LEFS adjusted 0–100 where 100 is the best possible; OMAS 0–100 where 100 is the best possible health; SEFAS 12–60 where 60 is the worst possible; SEFAS adjusted 0–100 where 100 is the best possible health
  3. cMean imputation was used when half or fewer items were missing
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BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders

ISSN: 1471-2474

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