Table 3 Risk factors for progression and worsening of radiographic knee osteoarthritis in elderly community residents
Progression of knee OA | Worsening of knee OA | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Crude OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | Crude OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | |
Age | 1.04 (0.99–1.09) | 0.99 (0.98–1.02) | ||
Sex | ||||
Men | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
Women | 7.25 (2.80–18.74) | 4.41 (1.32–14.77) | 1.41 (1.02–1.95) | 1.21 (0.85–1.71) |
BMI, kg/m2 | ||||
< 25 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||
≥ 25 | 1.44 (0.77–2.70) | 1.32 (0.95–1.82) | ||
Education (year) | ||||
< 10 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
≥ 10 | 0.24 (0.07–0.81) | 0.59 (0.16–2.10) | 0.52 (0.35–0.77) | 0.56 (0.37–0.86) |
Income (10,000 won/month) | ||||
< 50 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||
50–149 | 0.85 (0.37–1.94) | 0.73 (0.48–1.14) | ||
≥ 150 | 0.43 (0.16–1.12) | 0.72 (0.47–1.13) | ||
Exercise | ||||
No | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||
Yes | 0.44 (0.18–1.06) | 0.71 (0.49–1.03) | ||
aSmoking | ||||
No | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||
Yes (ex-, current) | 0.26 (0.11–0.59) | 0.79 (0.58–1.11) | ||
Alcohol consumption | ||||
No | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | |
Yes (ex-, current) | 0.29 (0.13–0.65) | 0.78 (0.30–2.04) | 1.12 (0.81–1.56) | |
Manual occupation | ||||
No | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | |
Yes | 2.66 (1.37–5.16) | 1.74 (0.84–3.58) | 0.95 (0.63–1.42) | |
Marriage | ||||
Yes (living with spouse) | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | |
No | 2.53 (1.35–4.75) | 1.11 (0.55–2.26) | 1.25 (0.88–1.77) | |
Baseline K-L grade | ||||
0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||
1 | 1.00 (< 0.001- > 999.99) | 0.96 (0.62–1.49) | ||
2 | > 999.9 (< 0.001- > 999.9) | 1.21 (0.72–2.03) | ||
3 | > 999.9 (< 0.001- > 999.9) | 1.23 (0.66–2.31) | ||
Diabetes mellitus | ||||
No | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||
Yes | 1.19 (0.45–3.17) | 1.23 (0.72–2.11) | ||
Osteoporosis | ||||
No | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | |
Yes | 2.48 (1.27–4.84) | 1.18 (0.58–2.41) | 1.17 (0.77–1.76) | |