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Table 2 Perioperative outcomes regarding blood loss

From: Comparison of oral versus intra-articular tranexamic acid in enhanced-recovery primary total knee arthroplasty without tourniquet application: a randomized controlled trial

Variable

Oral TXA Group

IA TXA Group

P value

Primary outcome

 Total blood loss (mL)b

788.8 ± 349.1

872.4 ± 393.1

0.21

Secondary outcomes

 Intro-operative blood loss (mL)b

143.1 ± 25.4

145.6 ± 28.7

0.58

 Postop. IV fluid amount (mL)b

2729.9 ± 366.5

2818.1 ± 419.2

0.18

 Blood transfusion (U)a

7

9

0.73

 Transfusion rate (%)a

3 (4%)

4 (5%)

0.69

 Postop. laboratory values at 72 hb

  Hemoglobin (g/dL)

11.2 ± 1.3

10.9 ± 1.2

0.22

  Reduction of hemoglobin (g/dL)

2.2 ± 0.9

2.4 ± 1.1

0.66

  Hematocrit (L/L)

0.34 ± 0.04

0.32 ± 0.03

0.20

  Red blood cell count (·×1012/L)

3.6 ± 0.4

3.5 ± 0.4

0.37

  Platelet count (×109/L)

165.8 ± 53.2

162.2 ± 57.7

0.70

  Prothrombin time (s)

11.7 ± 1.3

12.0 ± 1.3

0.17

  INR

0.9 ± 0.1

0.9 ± 0.6

0.76

  APTT (s)

30.8 ± 5.0

31.4 ± 3.8

0.38

  Fibrinogen (g/L)

4.5 ± 1.0

4.4 ± 1.3

0.67

  D-Dimer (mg/L)

3.4 ± 2.2

3.2 ± 1.9

0.60

  FDP (mg/L)

9.2 ± 6.4

9.1 ± 8.0

0.96

  1. TXA tranexamic acid, INR international normalized ratio, APTT activated partial thromboplastin time, FDP fibrinogen degradation product
  2. aData are presented as number of patients with percentage
  3. bData are presented as Mean ± standard deviation