Table 3 Summary of the cited references on treating atypical fracture with teriparatide

Huang et al. 2012 [16]

No

After 1 mo, pain and tenderness improved

After 9 mo, symptoms disappeared

After 15 mo, fracture line completely healed

Gomberg et al. 2011 [17]

No

After 6 mo, decreased edema at the fracture sites with cortical bridging on MRI.

After 16 mo, pain-free and return to work After 21 mo, complete healing on MRI.

Carvalho et al. 2011 [18]

IM nail

After 1 mo, closure of the right femur fracture

After 3 mo, sβ-CTX and serum osteocalcin increased by 22 and 300%, respectively

Tsuchie et al. 2015 [19]

Locking plate

After 3 and 6 mo, fracture line almost healed.

After 3 and 2 yr, no thigh pain, respectively.

Mastaglia et al. 2016 [20]

IM nail

After 1 mo, significant pain relief and walk without support

After 3 mo, fracture healed on CT

Chiang et al. 2013 [21]

3 patients

Five treated with teriparatide, 2-3 fold increase in bone remodeling markers and fracture healing.

Of 9 patients without teriparatide, 3 had prophylactic surgery. All remaining 6 had nonunion.

Saleh et al. 2012 [22]

IM nail in 7

Five fractures without radiolucent fracture line treated conservatively with protection and teriparatide.

Of 9 fractures with a radiolucent fracture line, 2 were successfully treated with teriparatide. Six treated by surgery and teriparatide for 3 mo. One treated only by surgery.