Comparison of serum markers for muscle damage, surgical blood loss, postoperative recovery, and surgical site pain after extreme lateral interbody fusion with percutaneous pedicle screws or traditional open posterior lumbar interbody fusion

Table 2 Demographics of patients undergoing XLIF with PPS or open PILF

	Intraoperative Technique		P
	XLIF/PPS (n = 46)	PLIF (n = 56)	P
Age,* y	71.3 ± 8.6	69.0 ± 9.2	0.19
Sex, female/male	31/15	29/27	0.16
BMI,* kg/m²	23.4 ± 4.1	23.4 ± 4.6	0.98
Preoperative %Slip,* % Number of fused levels,*	1.88 ± 0.7	1.62 ± 0.8	0.1
Current smoking,* n (%)	4 (8.7%)	7 (12.5)	0.75
Preoperative score
VAS score (lumbar)	4.9 ± 3.2	6.7 ± 2.5	0.37
RDQ score	13.9 ± 5.5	12.8 ± 4.2	0.49
ODI score	21.2 ± 6.9	19.2 ± 6.5	0.17
L-JOA score	14.1 ± 4.5	13.5 ± 3.8	0.41

XLIF = extreme lateral interbody fusion, PPS = percutaneous pedicle screws, PLIF = posterior lumbar interbody fusion, BMI = body mass index, n = number in group, VSA = visual analog scale, RDQ = Roland–Morris Disability Questionnaire, ODI = Oswestry Disability Index, L-JOA = lumbar--Japanese Orthopaedic Association, *Mean ± standard deviation (SD)

ISSN: 1471-2474