Tourniquet use in arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials

Table 1 Characteristics of included studies

First Author	Place/Year	Type of		Sample size	Gender ratio (M/F)		Mean age^d		Epinephrine use in NT group	Tourniquet Setting		Follow-up time^f
First Author	Place/Year	Autograft	Anaesthesia	n (T/NT)	T	NT	T	NT		Pressure^d	Duration^e
Arciero [1]	Canada/1996	BPTB	NR	40 (20/20)	13/7	17/3	24.8	26.7	NR	269	87 (64–105)	12
Hooper [3]	Canada/1999	Hamstring	GA	29 (14/15)	5/9	10/9	35.3	35.7	NR	300	NR	NR
Nakayama [23]	Japan/2013	Hamstring	GA^a	51 (28/23)	11/17	16/7	26.0	22.0	1:3,000,000	300	NR	3
Nicholas [24]	USA/2001	BPTB	GA/EA^b	48 (25/23)	13/12	16/7	33.0	32.0	1:100,000	300	85 ± 7.0	6
Reda [14]	Egypt/2015	Hamstring	SA	58 (29/29)	25/4	17/3	26.0	22.0	1:250,000	269	87 (64–105)	6

T tourniquet, NT non-tourniquet, M male, F female, BPTB bone-patella-tendon-bone, GA general anaesthesia, EA epidural anaesthesia, SA spinal anaesthesia, NR not reported
^aAn additional femoral nerve block using 20 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine was done for all participants
^bGA = 38; EA = 16, ^cMean age in years, ^dPressure in mmHg, ^eDuration in minutes, ^fFollow-up in months

ISSN: 1471-2474