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Table 5 Comparisons of EMG activity in terms of %MVIC with mean (SD) of the hip and thigh muscles between two core pre-activation conditions

From: The effects of therapeutic hip exercise with abdominal core activation on recruitment of the hip muscles

Exercise

Phase

GMed

UGMax

LGMax

BF

NCA

ECA

P-value

NCA

ECA

P-value

NCA

ECA

P- value

NCA

ECA

P-value

Clam

Concentric

12.27 (6.79)

14.89 (5.93)

0.026a, b

35.37 (19.68)

33.01 (25.50)

0.405

4.90 (3.42)

5.81 (4.33)

0.071

1.75 (1.33)

2.41 (2.00)

0.008b

Isometric

15.63 (10.53)

18.39 (10.66)

0.002b

50.41 (37.42)

51.07 (35.56)

0.796

5.28 (3.60)

5.71 (4.16)

0.219

2.12 (1.42)

3.44 (3.18)

0.033b

Eccentric

7.27 (4.48)

10.48 (5.92)

0.007b

20.50 (15.52)

24.12 (18.38)

0.088

3.04 (2.03)

3.94 (1.93)

0.003b

1.87 (1.24)

4.64 (3.83)

0.001b

HABD

Concentric

27.52 (9.1)2

31.38 (12.02)

0.057a

29.06 (23.31)

30.20 (22.30)

0.728

3.75 (2.38)

4.80 (3.85)

0.058

1.08 (0.72)

1.86 (1.20)

0.005b

Isometric

28.89 (7.92)

31.20 (10.10)

0.096

39.63 (28.29)

42.91 (27.47)

0.466

4.19 (2.67)

4.88 (3.24)

0.058

0.98 (0.55)

1.70 (1.05)

0.003b

Eccentric

14.89 (5.02)

19.33 (5.94)

0.004a, b

17.97 (14.69)

19.56 (10.51)

0.353

2.79 (1.76)

3.63 (2.11)

0.004b

1.03 (0.68)

1.88 (0.86)

<0.001b

PHE

Concentric

15.81 (10.28)

20.24 (10.57)

0.002b

14.82 (5.47)

19.74 (9.12)

0.002a, b

20.09 (8.00)

25.62 (16.68)

0.071

12.26 (5.66)

17.23 (12.28)

0.019b

Isometric

22.15 (14.90)

30.28 (15.84)

<0.001b

22.87 (9.21)

30.98 (16.51)

0.004b

26.62 (10.82)

36.01 (22.27)

0.013b

15.27 (7.91)

20.30 (12.21)

0.008b

Eccentric

10.97 (6.32)

12.92 (4.40)

0.121

12.32 (4.43)

16.62 (4.46)

<0.001a, b

11.73 (4.27)

14.56 (7.12)

0.021b

9.47 (4.50)

12.25 (8.20)

0.074

  1. BF Biceps femoris, ECA Enhanced core activation, HABD Hip abduction, GMed Gluteus medius, LGMax Lower part of gluteus maximus, NCA Natural core activation, PHE Prone hip extension, UGMax Upper part of gluteus maximus. aindicates paired t-test otherwise Wilcoxon Signed rank test was used and bindicates significant difference between two core conditions