Table 1 Static percentages of the performed body postures ≥4 s during treatment
From: Constrained posture in dentistry – a kinematic analysis of dentists
Evaluation parameter [°] | Activity | Duration [min] | Stasis 4–10s [%] | Stasis 10–30s [%] | Stasis 30–60s [%] | Stasis ≥60s [%] | Total percentage of stasis [%] | Percentage of non-neutral postures [%] | Total percentage of stasis of non-neutral postures [%] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Head tilted to the front (HT_f) | Impression | 40.48 | 5.8 | 1.5 | ---- | ---- | 7.3 | 48.2 | 14.5 |
Extracting a tooth | 63.83 | 7.3 | 2.8 | ---- | ---- | 10.1 | 85.3 | 11.6 | |
Handicraft activities | 1546.47 | 12.7 | 6 | 0.5 | ---- | 19.2 | 67.9 | 27.4 | |
Conservatory dentistry | 8.89 | 11.5 | 10.7 | 6.2 | ---- | 28.4 | 66.5 | 36.1 | |
Breaks during treatment | 51.15 | 3.5 | ---- | ---- | ---- | 3.5 | 35.5 | 5.9 | |
X-ray | 26.27 | 1.3 | ---- | ---- | ---- | 1.3 | 40.6 | 2.4 | |
Pain diagnostic | 23.73 | 11.9 | ---- | ---- | ---- | 11.9 | 65.9 | 16.6 | |
Syringe | 89.55 | 17 | 26.1 | 5.3 | ---- | 48.5 | 78 | 58.4 | |
Screening | 249.07 | 11 | 1.8 | 0.2 | ---- | 13 | 67.1 | 16.5 | |
Contra-angle/ultrasonic handpiece | 685.52 | 22.7 | 14.5 | 1.1 | 0.2 | 38.5 | 79.9 | 46 | |
Head tilted to the right (HT_r) | Impression | 40.48 | 1.9 | ---- | ---- | ---- | 1.9 | 26.5 | 4.4 |
Extracting a tooth | 63.83 | 4.5 | 0.7 | ---- | ---- | 5.2 | 75.7 | 6.9 | |
Handicraft activities | 1546.47 | 8.1 | 3.3 | ---- | ---- | 11.5 | 50.4 | 20.8 | |
Conservatory dentistry | 8.89 | 13.6 | 10.2 | 7.1 | ---- | 30.9 | 60.9 | 39.8 | |
Breaks during treatment | 51.15 | 1.8 | 1.6 | ---- | ---- | 3.4 | 22 | 7.6 | |
X-ray | 26.27 | 2.3 | ---- | ---- | 2.3 | 34.7 | 7.1 | ||
Pain diagnostic | 23.73 | 8.6 | 1.5 | ---- | ---- | 10.1 | 58.2 | 16.9 | |
Syringe | 89.55 | 14.2 | 23.9 | 4.7 | ---- | 42.7 | 69.6 | 56.2 | |
Screening | 249.07 | 7.2 | 0.7 | ---- | ---- | 7.9 | 56.7 | 12.8 | |
Contra-angle/ultrasonic handpiece | 685.52 | 16.7 | 8.1 | 0.3 | ---- | 25.2 | 62.7 | 35.5 | |
Neck curvature to the front (NC_f) | Impression | 40.48 | 3.8 | 0.5 | ---- | ---- | 4.3 | 27.9 | 10.7 |
Extracting a tooth | 63.83 | 6.2 | 2.5 | ---- | ---- | 8.6 | 46.5 | 16.6 | |
Handicraft activities | 1546.47 | 8.6 | 4.1 | 0.2 | ---- | 12.9 | 42.8 | 23.6 | |
Conservatory dentistry | 8.89 | 0.9 | ---- | ---- | ---- | 0.9 | 25.5 | 4.7 | |
Breaks during treatment | 51.15 | 5.9 | 3.1 | ---- | ---- | 9 | 41.3 | 11.9 | |
X-ray | 26.27 | 1.2 | 2.2 | ---- | ---- | 3.4 | 36.7 | 5.1 | |
Pain diagnostic | 23.73 | 10.8 | 1.2 | ---- | ---- | 12 | 45.6 | 19.9 | |
Syringe | 89.55 | 8.4 | 12.8 | 2.6 | ---- | 23.8 | 40.8 | 33 | |
Screening | 249.07 | 8.1 | 2.6 | 0.2 | ---- | 10.9 | 43.1 | 17.7 | |
Contra-angle/ultrasonic handpiece | 685.52 | 12.5 | 10 | 0.9 | ---- | 23.3 | 44.8 | 36.1 | |
Neck curvature to the right (NC_r) | Impression | 40.48 | 2.6 | ---- | ---- | ---- | 2.6 | 24.5 | 8.2 |
Extracting a tooth | 63.83 | 4.4 | 1.8 | ---- | ---- | 6.2 | 61.6 | 8.4 | |
Handicraft activities | 1546.47 | 6.6 | 2.8 | ---- | ---- | 9.4 | 42.4 | 17.9 | |
Conservatory dentistry | 8.89 | 7 | 4.8 | 7.1 | ---- | 18.8 | 49.9 | 32.4 | |
Breaks during treatment | 51.15 | 2.9 | 1.6 | ---- | ---- | 4.5 | 26 | 13.8 | |
X-ray | 26.27 | 2.7 | ---- | ---- | ---- | 2.7 | 38.1 | 7.3 | |
Pain diagnostic | 23.73 | 7.5 | 0.7 | ---- | 8.2 | 43.5 | 16.7 | ||
Syringe | 89.55 | 10.1 | 14.9 | 2.8 | ---- | 27.8 | 47.5 | 37.2 | |
Screening | 249.07 | 6.9 | 0.8 | ---- | ---- | 7.8 | 44 | 12.9 | |
Contra-angle/ultrasonic handpiece | 685.52 | 13.9 | 7.4 | 0.6 | 0.2 | 22 | 52.5 | 32.3 | |
TS inclination to the front (TSI_f) | Impression | 40.48 | 4.9 | 1.1 | ---- | ---- | 6 | 15.9 | 24.4 |
Extracting a tooth | 63.83 | 16.5 | 16.2 | 2.8 | ---- | 35.5 | 72.9 | 46.9 | |
Handicraft activities | 1546.47 | 11.1 | 10.3 | 1.3 | 0.2 | 22.9 | 39.6 | 44 | |
Conservatory dentistry | 8.89 | 7.6 | 8.9 | 14.6 | ---- | 31 | 42.1 | 56.8 | |
Breaks during treatment | 51.15 | 4 | 4.6 | ---- | ---- | 8.6 | 16.2 | 21.4 | |
X-ray | 26.27 | 7.9 | 2 | ---- | ---- | 9.9 | 36.7 | 23.3 | |
Paindiagnostic | 23.73 | 13.9 | 10.1 | ---- | ---- | 24 | 42.7 | 37.1 | |
Syringe | 89.55 | 6.2 | 24.7 | 10.7 | 1.2 | 42.9 | 52.3 | 53.8 | |
Screening | 249.07 | 13.8 | 8.1 | 0.5 | 22.4 | 40.4 | 37.9 | ||
Contra-angle/ultrasonic handpiece | 685.52 | 15.2 | 22.4 | 6.4 | 0.4 | 44.3 | 60.4 | 61.7 | |
TS inclination to the right (TSI_r) | Impression | 40.48 | 3.7 | 0.6 | ---- | ---- | 4.3 | 12.6 | 10.1 |
Extracting a tooth | 63.83 | 5.4 | 6.3 | 0.9 | ---- | 12.6 | 22.5 | 35.5 | |
Handicraft activities | 1546.47 | 3.6 | 3.7 | 0.9 | 0.2 | 8.2 | 16.1 | 25.3 | |
Conservatory dentistry | 8.89 | 13.7 | 20.4 | 14.9 | ---- | 49 | 68.1 | 53.2 | |
Breaks during treatment | 51.15 | 2.1 | 1.4 | ---- | ---- | 3.5 | 11.6 | 10.5 | |
X-ray | 26.27 | 2.6 | 3.3 | ---- | ---- | 5.8 | 22.6 | 14 | |
Pain diagnostic | 23.73 | 2.3 | 5.2 | 2.6 | ---- | 10 | 19.2 | 20.3 | |
Syringe | 89.55 | 2.1 | 15.1 | 9.7 | 1.7 | 28.7 | 33.9 | 38.2 | |
Screening | 249.07 | 10 | 6.5 | 0.5 | ---- | 17 | 32 | 28.9 | |
Contra-angle/ultrasonic handpiece | 685.52 | 4.5 | 9 | 2.2 | 0.4 | 16.2 | 23.1 | 29.8 | |
Impression | 40.48 | 3.8 | 0.5 | ---- | 3.8 | 4.3 | 27.9 | 10.7 | |
LS inclination to the front (LSI_f) | Extracting a tooth | 63.83 | 6.2 | 2.5 | ---- | 6.2 | 8.6 | 46.5 | 16.6 |
Handicraft activities | 1546.47 | 8.6 | 4.1 | 0.2 | 8.6 | 12.9 | 42.8 | 23.6 | |
Conservatory dentistry | 8.89 | 0.9 | ---- | ---- | 0.9 | 0.9 | 25.5 | 4.7 | |
Breaks during treatment | 51.15 | 5.9 | 3.1 | ---- | 5.9 | 9 | 41.3 | 11.9 | |
X-ray | 26.27 | 1.2 | 2.2 | ---- | 1.2 | 3.4 | 36.7 | 5.1 | |
Pain diagnostic | 23.73 | 10.8 | 1.2 | ---- | 10.8 | 12 | 45.6 | 19.9 | |
Syringe | 89.55 | 8.4 | 12.8 | 2.6 | 8.4 | 23.8 | 40.8 | 33 | |
Screening | 249.07 | 8.1 | 2.6 | 0.2 | 8.1 | 10.9 | 43.1 | 17.7 | |
Contra-angle/ultrasonic handpiece | 685.52 | 12.5 | 10 | 0.9 | 12.5 | 23.3 | 44.8 | 36.1 | |
Back curvature to the front (BC_f) | Impression | 40.48 | 2.7 | 0.6 | ---- | ---- | 3.2 | 6 | 8.3 |
Extracting a tooth | 63.83 | 8.1 | 13.7 | 2 | ---- | 23.8 | 34.9 | 43.3 | |
Handicraft activities | 1546.47 | 1.8 | 2.1 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 4.3 | 6.6 | 14.1 | |
Conservatory dentistry | 8.89 | 1.8 | ---- | ---- | ---- | 1.8 | 2.2 | 1.9 | |
Breaks during treatment | 51.15 | 1 | 0.8 | ---- | ---- | 1.8 | 2.7 | 14.6 | |
X-ray | 26.27 | 7.1 | 2.3 | ---- | ---- | 9.4 | 19.4 | 30.8 | |
Pain diagnostic | 23.73 | 4.1 | 4.4 | ---- | ---- | 8.5 | 9.7 | 12.8 | |
Syringe | 89.55 | 1.3 | 6.6 | 6.9 | 1.1 | 16 | 18.1 | 20.3 | |
Screening | 249.07 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 0.2 | ---- | 3.6 | 5.3 | 8.1 | |
Contra-angle/ultrasonic handpiece | 685.52 | 1.8 | 4.7 | 1.1 | 0.3 | 7.9 | 9.5 | 16 | |
Back curvature to the right (BC_r) | Impression | 40.48 | 2 | 2 | 0.7 | ---- | 2.7 | 7.9 | 10.3 |
Extracting a tooth | 63.83 | 3 | 3 | 2.3 | 0.8 | 6.1 | 10.5 | 26 | |
Handicraft activities | 1546.47 | 2 | 2 | 2.4 | 0.4 | 5 | 9.2 | 21.4 | |
Conservatory dentistry | 8.89 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 19.9 | 7.4 | 32.9 | 40.1 | 57.3 | |
Breaks during treatment | 51.15 | 1.3 | 1.3 | ---- | 1.1 | 2.4 | 5.7 | 4.9 | |
X-ray | 26.27 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.5 | ---- | 3.4 | 15.2 | 8.8 | |
Pain diagnostic | 23.73 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 1.6 | ---- | 2.5 | 6.8 | 7.3 | |
Syringe | 89.55 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 6.4 | 5.1 | 16.1 | 20 | 21.6 | |
Screening | 249.07 | 6.3 | 6.3 | 6.5 | 0.2 | 13.1 | 20.2 | 28.2 | |
Contra-angle/ultrasonic handpiece | 685.52 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 5.5 | 1.4 | 9.5 | 13.1 | 21.4 | |
Back torsion to the right (BT_r) | Impression | 40.48 | 7 | 5.8 | 1.3 | ---- | 14.2 | 25 | 30.5 |
Extracting a tooth | 63.83 | 8.3 | 8.5 | 1.9 | ---- | 18.6 | 32.9 | 34.5 | |
Handicraft activities | 1546.47 | 7.2 | 9.2 | 2.6 | 0.5 | 19.4 | 32.6 | 36.3 | |
Conservatory dentistry | 8.89 | 3.6 | ---- | ---- | ---- | 3.6 | 12.4 | 4.9 | |
Breaks during treatment | 51.15 | 4 | 11.1 | 4.3 | 2.4 | 21.8 | 35.3 | 26.7 | |
X-ray | 26.27 | 8.3 | 5.5 | 2.7 | ---- | 16.6 | 45.3 | 22.8 | |
Pain diagnostic | 23.73 | 3.6 | 11.6 | ---- | ---- | 15.3 | 25.6 | 27.8 | |
Syringe | 89.55 | 2 | 12.8 | 9 | 2.6 | 26.4 | 34.4 | 34.4 | |
Screening | 249.07 | 8.2 | 14.3 | 2.6 | 2.8 | 27.9 | 40.8 | 42.9 | |
Contra-angle/ultrasonic handpiece | 685.52 | 5.1 | 15.5 | 7.7 | 2.3 | 30.7 | 39.7 | 42.1 |