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Table 5 Country-specific symptom-related arthritis prevalence (weighted) across age strata, educational attainment and marital status, stratified by sex

From: Prevalence of arthritis according to age, sex and socioeconomic status in six low and middle income countries: analysis of data from the World Health Organization study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE) Wave 1

Women

With symptom-related arthritis (n = 1220)

China

n = 201

Ghana

n = 290

India

n = 238

Mexico

n = 29

Russian Federation

n = 358

South Africa

n = 104

Age (years)

 18–29

−

−

0.9% (0.4%–1.8%)

−

−

−

 30–39

−

1.6% (0.4%–6.6%)

1.5% (0.7%–3.2%)

−

12.5% (4.4%–30.7%)

0.2% (0.0%–1.7%)

 40–49

0.3% (0.1%–1.3%)

3.3% (1.3%–7.9%)

2.8% (1.7%–4.4%)

1.2% (0.2%–8.0%)

2.3% (0.5%–9.5%)

2.4% (0.3%–15.7%)

 50–59

4.1% (3.0%–5.7%)

11.5% (8.6%–15.2%)

5.9% (43%–8.0%)

0.7% (0.1%–4.1%)

4.3% (2.6%–7.1%)

6.2% (3.7%–10.2%)

 60–69

4.0% (2.8%–5.8%)

16.5% (12.3%–21.9%)

5.6% (4.0%–7.9%)

1.5% (0.7%–3.2%)

10.0% (7.0%–14.2%)

5.5% (3.0%–9.8%)

 70+

5.6% (3.9%–7.9%)

18.6% (14.9%–23.0%)

6.7% (4.7%–9.7%)

2.1% (0.9%–4.7%)

20.1% (14.4%–27.4%)

5.6% (3.3%–9.2%)

Formal educationa

 Never schooled

4.1% (3.3%–5.1%)

9.4% (6.9%–12.7%)

3.7% (2.9%–4.7%)

1.5% (0.5%–4.1%)

41.8% (16.6%–72.2%)

3.5% (1.7%–6.9%)

  ≤ Primary school

2.0% (1.3%–3.1%)

2.2% (1.4%–3.6%)

2.2% (1.5%–3.4%)

1.0% (0.3%–3.3%)

22.6% (14.3%–33.7%)

5.9% (2.3%–14.3%)

 Secondary school

0.5% (0.3%–0.8%)

3.0% (1.3%–6.5%)

1.2% (0.6%–2.5%)

0.0% (0.0%–0.3%)

8.9% (4.9%–15.4%)

1.0% (0.4%–2.6%)

 College

0.0% (0.0%–0.2%)

−

1.1% (0.2%–6.4%)

0.0% (0.0%–0.3%)

4.3% (2.4%–7.5%)

0.3% (0.1%–1.2%)

Marital statusb

 Never married

−

1.9% (0.4%–9.0%)

1.1% (0.3%–3.7%)

0.3% (0.1%–0.9%)

1.7% (0.7%–4.2%)

2.6% (0.6%–11.2%)

 Married

1.1% (0.9%–1.4%)

2.6% (1.7%–4.1%)

2.5% (1.9%–3.2%)

0.7% (0.2%–2.4%)

3.1% (1.9%–4.9%)

1.3% (0.6%–2.9%)

 Divorced/widowed

4.2% (2.2%–7.9%)

10.8% (7.7%–15.0%)

4.8% (3.5%–6.7%)

0.6% (0.3%–1.4%)

18.0% (9.9%–30.5%)

3.4% (2.0%–5.6%)

Men

With symptom-based arthritis (n = 594)

China

n = 138

Ghana

n = 170

India

n = 113

Mexico

n = 15

Russian Federation

n = 117

South Africa

n = 41

Age strata (years)

 18–29

−

1.0% (0.1%–7.2%)

0.8% (0.1%–4.5%)

−

2.3% (0.3%–16.2%)

−

 30–39

−

1.7% (0.5%–5.4%)

0.8% (0.2%–3.8%)

−

5.2% (1.0%–22.2%)

−

 40–49

0.8% (0.2%–2.8%)

0.6% (0.1%–2.5%)

1.9% (0.8%–43%)

−

1.9% (0.2%–13.4%)

1.7% (0.4%–6.6%)

 50–59

2.3% (1.6%–3.1%)

3.8% (2.7%–5.4%)

2.6% (1.1%–6.2%)

−

1.9% (0.9%–4.1%)

2.3% (1.0%–4.9%)

 60–69

3.8% (3.3%–4.4%)

9.1% (6.7%–12.2%)

3.5% (2.0%–6.1%)

0.6% (0.2%–2.2%)

6.4% (3.3%–12.0%)

3.7% (1.8%–7.5%)

 70+

4.3% (3.5%–5.2%)

9.2% (6.9%–12.3%)

4.8% (3.0%–7.5%)

3.0% (1.5%–5.9%)

10.7% (6.9%–16.4%)

6.0% (2.4%–14.3%)

Formal educationa

 None

4.8% (3.3%–6.8%)

5.6% (4.0%–7.7%)

2.7% (1.3%–5.5%)

1.5% (0.5%–3.8%)

3.4% (0.3%–27.7%)

4.2% (1.5%–10.8%)

  ≤ Primary school

1.2% (1.0%–1.6%)

1.9% (1.1%–3.2%)

1.2% (0.7%–1.9%)

0.2% (0.1%–0.6%)

10.4% (5.0%–20.4%)

1.6% (0.8%–3.4%)

 Secondary school

1.0% (0.4%–2.3%)

1.4% (0.6%–3.1%)

2.0% (1.0%–4.2%)

0.1% (0.0%–0.5%)

3.9% (1.7%–9.0%)

0.9% (0.2%–5.4%)

 College

0.1% (0.0%–0.4%)

0.7% (0.2%–2.2%)

0.4% (0.1%–1.6%)

0.2% (0.0%–1.4%)

1.4% (0.4%–5.3%)

−

Marital statusb

 Never married

0.9% (0.2%–5.0%)

1.5% (0.2%–8.8%)

1.6% (0.3%–8.2%)

−

0.2% (0.0%–0.9%)

0.8% (0.2%–2.8%)

 Married

1.1% (0.6%–1.8%)

2.5% (1.8%–3.4%)

1.8% (1.1%–2.7%)

0.3% (0.1%–0.5%)

3.7% (1.7%–8.0%)

1.4% (0.6%–3.2%)

 Divorced/widowed

2.9% (1.7%–4.9%)

6.5% (3.8%–10.9%)

1.9% (0.6%–5.5%)

0.6% (0.1%–2.6%)

7.9% (2.9%–19.6%)

2.9% (0.7%–11.4%)

  1. Data presented as proportions with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI)
  2. Abbreviations: LMIC low and middle income countries, WHO World Health Organization
  3. aCategories of formal education are; ≤primary school (less than primary school, or primary school completed); secondary school (secondary school completed, or high school or its equivalent completed); college (college or pre-university completed, or post-graduate degree completed)
  4. bCategories of marital status are; married (currently married or cohabiting); divorced/widowed (separated or divorced, or widowed)