Table 1 Summary of HVIGI studies
Study | Intervention | Control | +/− VAS Pain | +/− Function eg VISA-A/P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Achilles tendinopathy | ||||
 Chan 2008 [68] | N = 30 10ml 0.5% Bupivacaine 25mg Hydrocortisone 40ml N Saline | No control | N = 21 @4w -51mm | N = 21 @4w VISA-A +31.4 |
 Humphrey 2010 [69] | N = 11 10ml 0.5% Bupivacaine 25mg Hydrocortisone 40ml N Saline | No Control |  | @3w VISA-A +38 (P < 0.001) NeoVasc reduced 3 to 1.1 Tendon diam 8.7 to 7.6mm |
 Restighini 2012 [70] | N = 32 5ml 1% Lidocaine 25mg Hydrocortisone Up to 40ml N Saline | No Control | @4w -34mm @3m -37mm | @4w VISA-A +26.5 @3m VISA-A +28.7 NeoVasc reduced 2 to 0.2 |
 Maffuli 2013 [71] | N = 94 10ml 0.5% Bupivacaine 25mg Aprotinin up to 40mls N saline | No Control |  |  @12m VISA-A +32.9 (P = 0.003) |
 Wheeler 2014 [72] | N = 16 10ml 1% Lidocaine 40ml Saline | No Control | @347d −6.1/10 (P = 0.001) | @347d VISA-A + 41 (P = 0.001) |
 Wheeler 2016 [73] | N = 34 10ml 1% Lidocaine + 40ml Saline V 10ml 1% Lidocaine + 20ml Saline | No Control | @281d −4.6/10 (P < 0.01) 50ml Group | @281v271d VISA-A +33.4 and + 6.94 in 50ml and 30ml group respectively (P = 0.002) |
Patellar tendinopathy | ||||
 Crisp 2008 [74] | N = 9 10ml 0.5% Bupivacaine 25mg Hydrocortisone 40ml N Saline | No control | @2w Sig. improve. | @9m VISA-P +22 |
 Morton 2014 [22] | N = 20 10 ml 0.5% Bupivacaine 25mg hydrocortisone 30ml N saline | No Control |  | @12w–9m VISA-P +19 (P < 0.01) |
 Maffuli 2016 [75] | N = 44 10ml 0.5% Bupivacaine 62500 IU Aprotinin 40ml N saline | No Control | @15m -63mm (P = 0.01) | @15m VISA-P +29.3 (P = 0.003) |