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Table 3 Associations of x-ray features of lumbar disc degeneration and spondylolisthesis with severity of disability and intensity of pain – multivariable generalised linear models with linear response

From: Associations between disc space narrowing, anterior osteophytes and disability in chronic mechanical low back pain: a cross sectional study

 

Severity of disability

Intensity of pain

Variables

β coefficient (95% confidence itervals)

p value

β coefficient (95% confidence intervals)

p value

Regression model 1

Intercept

22.945 (14.589 – 31.301)

<0.001*

47.375 (34.766 – 59.984)

<0.001*

Severity of disc space narrowing

 Grade 0

0.000

 

0.000

 

 Grade 1

-0.311 (-3.301 – 2.679)

0.839

3.896 (-0.616 – 8.408)

0.091

 Grade 2

2.751 (-0.934 – 6.437)

0.143

2.007 (-3.555 – 7.569)

0.479

Age (years)

-0.014 (-0.133 – 0.106)

0.824

-0.173 (-0.352 – 0.007)

0.060

Gender

 Male

0.000

 

0.000

 

 Female

7.369 (4.446 – 10.293)

<0.001*

4.899 (0.488 – 9.311)

0.030*

Body mass index (kg/m2)

0.042 (-0.236 – 0.320)

0.765

-0.049 (-0.468 – 0.370)

0.819

Pain radiating into legs

 No

0.000

 

0.000

 

 Yes

6.989 (4.174 – 9.803)

<0.001*

12.262 (8.015 – 16.508)

<0.001*

Regression model 2

Intercept

22.049 (13.736 – 30.362)

<0.001*

49.630 (37.099 – 62.161)

<0.001*

Severity of anterior osteophyte

 Grade 0

0.000

 

0.000

 

 Grade 1

2.136 (-0.565 – 4.838)

0.121

4.836 (0.764 – 8.908)

0.020*

 Grade 2

-2.309 (-7.727 – 3.108)

0.403

2.931 (-5.235 – 11.097)

0.482

Age

0.001 (-0.118 – 0.120)

0.989

-0.200 (-0.379 – -0.021)

0.029*

Gender

 Male

0.000

 

0.000

 

 Female

7.374 (4.448 – 10.301)

<0.001*

5.507 (1.096 – 9.918)

0.014*

Body mass index (kg/m2)

0.037 (-0.241 – 0.315)

0.794

-0.130 (-0.550 – 0.289)

0.543

Pain radiating into legs

 No

0.000

 

0.000

 

 Yes

6.889 (4.076 – 9.702)

<0.001*

12.045 (7.805 – 16.285)

<0.001*

Regression model 3

Intercept

22.710 (14.255 – 31.164)

<0.001*

49.254 (36.523 – 61.985)

<0.001*

Severity of lumbar disc degeneration

 Grade 0

0.000

 

0.000

 

 Grade 1

0.976 (-1.885 – 3.838)

0.252

3.642 (-0.688 – 7.951)

0.098

 Grade 2

2.243 (-1.599 – 6.086)

0.504

4.559 (-1.227 – 10.345)

0.122

Age

-0.020 (-0.144 – 0.105)

0.758

-0.207 (-0.394 - -0.020)

0.030*

Gender

 Male

0.000

 

0.000

 

 Female

7.320 (4.391 – 10.249)

<0.001*

5.240 (0.829 – 9.651)

0.020*

Body mass index (kg/m2)

0.045 (-0.234 – 0.324)

0.753

-0.111 (-0.531 – 0.310)

0.606

Pain radiating into legs

 No

0.000

 

0.000

 

 Yes

7.009 (4.191 – 9.828)

<0.001*

12.167 (7.923 – 16.412)

<0.001*

Regression model 4

Intercept

23.304 (15.086 – 31.523)

<0.001*

48.248 (35.749 – 60.748)

<0.001*

Presence of lumbar spondylolisthesis

 No

0.000

 

0.000

 

 Yes

5.670 (1.684 – 9.656)

0.005*

3.549 (-2.514 – 9.612)

0.251

Age

-0.040 (-0.156 – 0.076)

0.501

-0.168 (-0.345 – 0.009)

0.063

Gender

 Male

0.000

 

0.000

 

 Female

7.011 (4.114 – 9.908)

<0.001*

4.824 (0.418 – 9.231)

0.032*

Body mass index (kg/m2)

0.078 (-0.197 – 0.353)

0.578

-0.055 (-0.473 – 0.363)

0.795

Pain radiating into legs

 No

0.000

 

0.000

 

 Yes

6.820 (4.019 – 9.621)

<0.001*

12.128 (7.868 – 16.388)

<0.001*

  1. Main predictor (independent) variables were analysed as follows:
  2. Regression model 1: severity of disc space narrowing (grade 0, 1 and 2)
  3. Regression model 2: severity of anterior osteophytes (grade 0, 1 and 2)
  4. Regression model 3: severity of lumbar disc degeneration (grade 0, 1 and 2)
  5. Regression model 4: presence of lumbar spondylolisthesis (yes/no)
  6. * - p value < 0.05
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BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders

ISSN: 1471-2474

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