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Table 2 Unadjusted (raw) prevalence of symptoms in the last 7 days

From: Risk assessment of manual handling operations at work with the key indicator method (KIM-MHO) — determination of criterion validity regarding the prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms and clinical conditions within a cross-sectional study

Body region by gender*

Risk category 1 (Reference)

Employees in jobs with low MHO, < 10 points KIM-MHO

Risk category 2

Employees in jobs with MHO, 10 – 24 points KIM-MHO

Risk category 3

Employees in jobs with MHO, 25 – 49 points KIM-MHO

Risk category 4

Employees in jobs with MHO, ≥ 50 points KIM-MHO

All employees

Women

N = 306

N = 75

N = 59

N = 73

N = 513

 neck/ cervical spine

90/304 (29.6%)

17/75 (22.7%)

27/59 (45.8%)

40/73 (54.8%)

174/511 (34.1%)

 shoulder/ upper arm

58/304 (19.1%)

14/75 (18.7%)

23/59 (39.0%)

32/73 (43.8%)

127/511 (24.9%)

 elbow/ forearm

13/304 (4.3%)

2/75 (2.7%)

11/59 (18.6%)

22/73 (30.1%)

48/511 (9.4%)

 hand/ wrist

26/304 (8.6%)

4/75 (5.3%)

17/59 (28.8%)

34/73 (46.6%)

81/511 (15.9%)

 lower back/lumbar spine

42/303 (13.9%)

8/75 (10.7%)

22/59 (37.3%)

24/73 (32.9%)

96/510 (18.8%)

Men

N = 498

N = 173

N = 23

N = 239

N = 933

 neck/ cervical spine

86/498 (17.3%)

22/173 (12.7%)

4/23 (17.4%)

48/236 (20.3%)

160/930 (17.2%)

 shoulder/ upper arm

70/498 (14.1%)

17/173 (9.8%)

7/23 (30.4%)

52/236 (22.0%)

146/930 (15.7%)

 elbow/ forearm

28/498 (5.6%)

8/173 (4.6%)

3/23 (13.0%)

40/232 (17.2%)

79/926 (8.5%)

 hand/ wrist

28/498 (5.6%)

11/173 (6.4%)

7/23 (30.4%)

72/234 (30.8%)

118/928 (12.7%)

 lower back/lumbar spine

34/498 (6.8%)

19/171 (11.1%)

8/23 (34.8%)

85/238 (35.7%)

146/930 (15.7%)

  1. *Unadjusted (raw) prevalence of symptoms in the last 7 days for different body regions by exposure to manual handling operations (MHO) according to KIM-MHO risk categories. Number of cases with symptoms/number of all available subjects (percentage of cases to all subjects)