Fig. 1

Experimental set up shows the bending task with the forward bending phase and recovery phase performed by the participant in standing (with percentile of the two phases of each movement cycle specified). Three motion sensors were placed at the L1 spinous process (➊), sacrum at S2 level (➋) and posterior mid-thigh at the right leg (➌) to measure the angular kinematics of the lumbar spine and hip joint