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Fig. 4 | BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders

Fig. 4

From: Kinematic characteristics of lumbar spinous processes during axial rotation in patients with lumbar degenerative disc disease lateral lumbar interbody fusion and intervention

Fig. 4

Local coordinate systems were established at the tip of the process to measure 6DOF flexion(+)/extension(-); left bending(+)/right bending(-); left rotation(+)/right rotation(-); left translation(+)/right translation(-); posterior translation(+)/anterior translation(-); proximal translation(+)/distal translation(-);a degree (°) for rotation; b mm for translation

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