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Table 1 Inclusion- and exclusion criteria

From: Operative treatment of 2-part surgical neck fractures of the proximal humerus (AO 11-A3) in the elderly: Cement augmented locking plate Philos™ vs. proximal humerus nail MultiLoc®

Inclusion criteria

Exclusion criteria

• Age: ≥60 years, or female postmenopausal

• 2-part fracture according to AO-classification (Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Osteosynthesefragen): AO 11-A3

• Signed informed consent

• Patient can read and understand German

• Refusal to participate in the study

• Not Independent

• Dementia and/or institutionalized

• Does not understand written and spoken guidance German

• Pathologic fracture or a previous fracture of the same proximal humerus

• Alcoholism or drug addiction, e.g., in the emergency department, breathalyzer indicates blood alcohol concentration of more than 2 %

• Other injury to the same upper limb requiring surgery

• Major nerve injury (e.g., complete radial- or axillary nerve palsy)

• Rotator cuff tear arthropathy

• Open fracture

• Multi-trauma or -fractured patient

• Fracture dislocation or head-splitting fracture

• Non-displaced fracture

• Isolated fracture of the major or minor tubercle

• Any medical condition that excludes surgical treatment

• Pregnancy