Fig. 3

Examples of lumbo-pelvic rhythm movement patterns for flexion. ROM = ROM; Trunk flexion ROM = grey line, pelvic (hip) flexion ROM = red line, and lumbar flexion ROM = black line. Peak trunk flexion angles, recorded with the T12 sensor, consist of two components: (1) pelvic (pelvis-on-hip) movement and (2) lumbar movement. a Typical flexion movement pattern of slightly greater pelvic compared to lumbar contribution to trunk movement. b Stiff lumbar spine with small lumbar contribution and mostly pelvic movement contributing to trunk flexion. c Greater lumbar and relatively smaller pelvic movement