Skip to main content

Table 1 Summary of self-report questionnaires

From: Web-based physiotherapy for people with axial spondyloarthritis (WEBPASS) – a study protocol

Questionnaire

Number of items

Variable

Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI)

10

A validated self-report questionnaire evaluating the ability to function and cope with the activities of daily living over the past week. The questionnaire utilises 100 mm visual analogue scales ranging from no functional limitations (0 mm) to severe functional limitations (100 mm). A higher overall score indicates worse function due to more severe disease. [27]

Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI)

7

A validated self-report questionnaire evaluating disease activity. Visual analogue scales from none (0 mm) to very severe (100 mm) are used to assess severity of fatigue, spinal and peripheral joint pain, localised tenderness and morning stiffness over the past week. A higher overall score indicates more severe disease activity [28]

ASQoL

18

A validated self-report questionnaire addressing the physical and psychological impact of the disease; includes items relating to sleep, mood, coping, relationships, social life and activities of daily living. Scores range from 0 to 18 with higher scores reflecting poorer quality of life [29].

Work, Productivity and Activity Impairment in AS (WPAI:SpA)

6

A validated self-report, disease-specific questionnaire generating scores for absenteeism, presenteeism (reduced productivity while at work), an overall work impairment score (combining presenteeism and absenteeism) and impairment of activities outside of work during the past 7 days. Higher scores indicate more impairment [30].

EQ-5D

6

A validated self-report questionnaire measuring health status comprising two parts: (1) mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression. Each dimension is indicated as no problems, some problems or extreme problems (2) visual analogue scale of self-rated health status from worst health imaginable (0 mm) to best health imaginable (100 mm) [31].

Exercise Attitude Questionnaire-18 (EAQ-18)

18

A self-report questionnaire evaluating how a person’s attitude affects their compliance to exercise. Items are scored reflecting three different components of attitude: affective, behavioural and cognitive. Each question is scored from 1, ‘don’t agree at all’ to 4, ‘agree very much’. A higher score indicates a positive attitude to exercise [32, 33].

Exercise Motivations Inventory – 2 (EMI-2)

51

A self-report questionnaire evaluating the extent to which a person is motivated to exercise. The components include stress management, weight management, enjoyment, appearance, personal development, ill-health avoidance and fitness. Each item is rated from 1, ‘not true at all’ to 5, ‘very true’. Items from each component are combined to obtain a mean score with higher scores representing greater motivation [34].